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A Look at Hop Utilization

A Look at Hop Utilization. AC Golden Brewing Company Jason Meherg, Jason zumBrunnen and Jeff Nickel. Overview. History: what is bitterness and how do you measure it Our test results Your results: discussion time. What is Bitterness. International Bittering Unit

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A Look at Hop Utilization

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  1. A Look at Hop Utilization AC Golden Brewing Company Jason Meherg, Jason zumBrunnen and Jeff Nickel

  2. Overview • History: what is bitterness and how do you measure it • Our test results • Your results: discussion time

  3. What is Bitterness • International Bittering Unit • The measure of Iso-Alpha Acids and other bitterness compounds in solution • 1 BU = 1 mg/L or 1 ppm • Alpha Acids vs Iso-Alpha Acids • Beta-Acids and Essential Oils

  4. Alpha Acids • Soft resin fraction • Humulone • Cohumulone • Adhumulone

  5. BB Beta Acids & Essential Oils • Beta Acids • Lupulone and the Ad-, Co-, and Pre- analogues • Essential Oils • Myrcene, Farnesene, Linalool, and Carophyllene • Over 300 others and growing

  6. Tinseth and Daneils

  7. How to Measure Bitterness • UV Spectrophotometric Method • HPLC

  8. UV Spec • Industry proven wet method • IBU = Abs275 x 50

  9. Automated UV Spec • Skalar is automated version • Reduces human variable

  10. IAA Spec Method • Very similar to standard BU method • Measures Isomerized acids • Includes two additional separations with methanol • Read at UV 255 nm • IAA = [(Abs255 x 96.15)+0.4]*3 • Report IAA in mg/L

  11. HPLC • Uses liquid mobile phase to separate components of a solution • Mixtures injected under high pressure into packed columns • Individual components resolved by adsorption or desorption • HPLC Mass Spec a further advance • Reduces “chatter”

  12. Which is Right? • Development of method • Benefits and negatives to both • Cost • Measure of perceived bitterness • Oxidized co-products contribute

  13. Our Turn

  14. Hops go Where? • Mash Hopping • Old technique • Enhances “kettle hop” character • First Wort Hopping • Also been around a long time • 1995 Brauwelt paper brought it back

  15. Special Thanks to:AC Golden: Fletch, Kent, Ben and ChrisDr. BobDr. David RyderRyan PiknaJaimie Lowe

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