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The CEFR: Follow up on HSK. Brian North ChaF2010, Zürich, 2nd September 2010. Dear Colleagues, I deleted four slides from the beginning of my presentation, for time reasons. From the panel discussion on the HSK, it seems they were very relevant.
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The CEFR: Follow up on HSK Brian North ChaF2010, Zürich, 2nd September 2010
Dear Colleagues, • I deleted four slides from the beginning of my presentation, for time reasons. • From the panel discussion on the HSK, it seems they were very relevant. • These slides follow, plus a comment on the linking of the HSK to the CEFR. Best wishes Brian North
The CEFR is about: Profiling notLevelling
Profiling The label “A2” is always a convenient summary of a complex profile. (Whether you are talking about a person or an exam)
Relating exams to the CEFR • The Council of Europe has produced a Manual of procedures for relating exams to the CEFR. • This Manual proposed: • Building an argument with evidence, following recommended procedures: • Specification, Standardisation, Validation • Reporting a profile of the exam against CEFR levels. Many exams are not “A2” • A template is given; a completed, real example is given (next slide)
CEFR and HSK: a comment • The CEFR was not designed for oriental languages. However, common “Can Do” descriptors across language have been used in the US to describe ability in oriental as well as European languages since the 1950s. • Apparently no evidence for the linking has been published; it is not clear whether any standard-setting methodologies (either those recommended by the Manual or others in the literature) were used. • For Chinese and other oriental language, CEFR level (in relation to existing CEFR descriptors) is clearly very different for: • listening and speaking, with European script as reference • reading and writing, with Chinese characters • One solution would be for HSK to claim one CEFR level for L & S, one for R and one for Wr – to profile itself as recommended. • The second solution (used by Eurocentres Beijing and Kanasawa) is only to claim & report a CEFR level for listening and for speaking (plus perhaps to state number of characters learnt or words in Chinese script learnt). • The third solution would be to develop new reading and writing scales. The problem here is that (a) this is more complicated than it sounds and (b) they may well be different for different oriental languages, creating confusion.