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Changes in Society Mr. Mizell Humanities, Year II

Changes in Society Mr. Mizell Humanities, Year II. Come in and take a look at this fairly ordinary picture New York City (1800). New York City (1900). New York City (Current). Think-Pair-Share.

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Changes in Society Mr. Mizell Humanities, Year II

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  1. Changes in SocietyMr. MizellHumanities, Year II

  2. Come in and take a look at this fairly ordinary picture • New York City (1800)

  3. New York City (1900)

  4. New York City (Current)

  5. Think-Pair-Share • What might we infer from these three pictures about how society changed (use what you currently know about the Industrial Revolution)?

  6. Essential Question • How did societies that experienced the Industrial Revolution change?

  7. Five Major Changes • 1. Industrialization • 2. Immigration • 3. Urbanization • 4. Social Structure • 5. New Beliefs

  8. Industrialization

  9. Growth of industries that rely on machinery (manufacturing: furniture, clothes, steel, etc…) • People work 10-14 hrs for wages • England, France, Prussia, United States, and Japan emerge as Industrial countries

  10. Immigration

  11. Why might people move to the cities/industrial nations? • Better life • More freedom • Entertainment • Most important – Jobs/wages

  12. Ellis Island - East

  13. Angel Island Inspections Ellis Island Inspections

  14. Treatment/Life of Immigrants • Nativism on the rise (belief that native born people are superior to immigrants) • Discrimination • This is fueled by job and housing competition as well as cultural differences • Most immigrants were unskilled and not educated • Most worked in factories for small wages and lived near them (cheaper)

  15. The Immigrant Experience • “Well, I came to America because I heard the streets were paved with gold. When I got here, I found out 3 things: first, the streets weren't paved with gold; second, they weren't paved at all; and third, I was expected to pave them.” • What is he really saying?

  16. Urbanization

  17. Expanding Cities

  18. Urbanization • Why move to the city? What does it offer? • Businesses, restaurants, factories, theatres, immigration, railroads • Come because it is the “place to be” – jobs/entertainment/ opportunity • Steel – large buildings, skyscrapers, bridges • Cheap apartments – hold lots of people • Construction of roads, transportation

  19. Review • Industrialization • What exactly is it? • Where did it take place? • Immigration • Why come to the cities/industrial nations? • How was life for them in the cities? • Urbanization • What makes a place urban?

  20. Continued: How did societies that experienced the Industrial Revolution change? Social Structure and Beliefs

  21. Copy down Vocab • Plutocracy – the wealthy have power and rule society • Realism – showing life as it is • Monopoly – when one company has total control of a product/service • Muckraker – those who expose corruption and social injustice • Strike – to refuse to work in order to force an employer to meet certain demands

  22. Social Structure

  23. Social Structure – classes/groups of people defined by their job/salary/education

  24. Pre-IR Social Structure Nobles, Landowners Small Middle Class Peasants/Farmers

  25. Upper Class Middle Class Post-IR Social Structure Lower Middle Class Working Class and Farmers

  26. Social Classes • Upper Class – Big Business Owners, land owners • Middle Class – professionals, educated • Lawyers, teachers, doctors, factory managers, merchants • Lower Middle Class –had a specific skill • Factory overseer, toolmakers, printers • Working Class – unskilled, worked in factories

  27. Mobility • Eventually, many in the upper and middle classes move out of the cities and to the suburbs • They can afford the transportation • Trains, Electric Trolleys

  28. Think-Pair-Share • Is this change in social structure good or bad?

  29. New Beliefs

  30. Capitalism/Laissez-Faire • Based on private ownership of businesses • No GOVERNMENT involvement /restrictions • Laissez-Faire – hands-off • Let businesses to what they want • Business/Industry will make society better • Jobs – money for people

  31. Social Darwinism • Survival of the Fittest - let people/business who can succeed rise to the top, forget about the “failures” • The Govt should not get involved (help the poor) b/c it will upset the natural selection • Wealth is the measure of value

  32. Think-Pair-Share • What possible pros and cons do you see in these beliefs?

  33. How to Improve City Life? • Main issue: population growth • May run out of space • Transportation • Water, sewers, schools

  34. Urban Problems • Immigrants/ poor workers need to live near factories (cannot afford transportation) • Live in tenements • Cheap, multifamily housing

  35. How the Other Half Lives • Jacob Riis – journalist who exposed the slums and poverty of the cities • How the Other Half Lives: Studies Among the Tenements of New York (1890)

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