Antiterrorism Level I Refresher Training

1. Antiterrorism Level I Refresher Training

2. AT Level I Training Requirements • Individual terrorism awareness training • Active duty service members • Annually • AOR update within 60 days of deployment • OCONUS DoD personnel • Annually • CONUS civilians & Family members 14+ • Annually if terrorism threat level raised to “Moderate” • Annually if eligible for OCONUS government travel Knowledge to remain vigilant for possible terrorist actions and employ personal protection AT Measures

3. Level IV Level IV Level IV Level IV Senior Commanders Senior Commanders Senior Commanders Senior Commanders Pre Pre Pre - - - Pre Pre Pre - - - Level III Level III Level III Level III command command command command command command O O O - - - 5/O 5/O 5/O - - - 6 6 6 O O O - - - 5/O 5/O 5/O - - - 6 6 6 Staff Officers Staff Officers AT Officers AT Officers AT Officers AT Officers Level II Level II AT Officers AT Officers AT Officers AT Officers Level II Level II All Personnel All Personnel Annual Annual Annual Level I Level I Annual Annual Annual Level I Level I Awareness Training Awareness Training Awareness Training Awareness Training Awareness Training Awareness Training AT Training Level Front Line Commanders

4. DoD’s Definition of Terrorism “The calculated use of violence or threat of violence to inculcate fear; intended to coerce or intimidate governments or societies in the pursuit of goals that are generally political, religious, or ideological.” DoD O-2000.12-H

5. Determine The Threat • Are there any terrorist groups in my area? • Are they violent? • Do they attack Americans? • How active are they? • How sophisticated are they? • How do they operate—are they predictable • Will the local population warn Americans? • What tactics, weapons, and types of attacks Eight threat factors to consider when determining the threat

6. Terrorist Profile • male • 20s • single • urban • well-educated • middle or upper-class

7. bombings assassination kidnapping hijacking ambush armed assault incendiary attacks street actions/tactics sieges and occupations robberies Terrorist Tactics

8. Target Selection • Victim of location • Victim of association • Target of opportunity • Importance • By Name • Recognition

9. Consider aterrorist group’s: High • Existence • Capability • History • Intentions • Targeting Significant IncreasingThreat Moderate Low DOD Terrorism Threat Levels

10. U.S. Command U.S. Command U.S. Command Local Info Local Info Local Info Observers Observers Observers Channels Channels Channels Status Status Status : : : Local Local Local Patterns of Patterns of Patterns of Patterns of Authorities Authorities Authorities Normal Activities Normal Activities Normal Activities Normal Activities Permanent Permanent Permanent – – – Uniformed Uniformed Uniformed Local Local Local Attitudes Attitudes Attitudes Attitudes Indicators Indicators Indicators Temporary Temporary Temporary toward toward toward toward of changing of changing of changing Business Business Business US Forces US Forces US Forces US Forces conditions conditions conditions Sponsored Sponsored Sponsored Local Community Local Community Local Community Local Community Media Media Media Fitness Fitness Fitness : : : Arrival of Arrival of Arrival of Arrival of Deterrence Deterrence Deterrence Deterrence Position Position Position Local Local Local new threats new threats new threats new threats perceptions perceptions perceptions perceptions Citizenry Citizenry Citizenry Training Training Training Maturity Maturity Maturity Indicators of mission Indicators of mission Indicators of mission Indicators of mission Local Local Local effectiveness effectiveness effectiveness effectiveness Skills Skills Skills Employees Employees Employees Local Threat Picture Fuse local information with Threat intel Local initiative is needed to fill gaps in threat picture

11. Force Protection Conditions

12. FPCON Normal • When there is a general global threat of possible terrorist activity exists, and warrants a routine security posture • A terrorist attack is always possible • Best information available offers no indication of probable attack Expect to see a routinesecurity posture

13. FPCON Alpha • When there is a increased general threat of possible activity against personnel and facilities, the nature and terrorist extent of which are unpredictable. • General conditions suggest possible violence • Nothing indicates that this installation is targeted • Must be capable of being maintained indefinitely Expect random vehicle checks and increased crime prevention efforts

14. FPCON Bravo • When an increased or more predictable threat of terrorist activity exists. • Specific information suggests probable violence • Nothing indicates that this installation is targeted • Extra precaution is appropriate to deter terrorist planning • Must be capable of being maintained for weeks without hardship Expect to see closer inspection ofvehicles and deliveries, ID checks, and a greater presence of guards on your installation

15. FPCON Charlie • When an incident occurs or intelligence is received indicating some form of terrorist action or targeting against personnel or facilitiesis likely. • Evidence of terrorist attack planning, such as terrorist surveillance or reports from local sources • Strong protective measures are required, but the unit must continue its regular mission activities • Implemented for only a short period of time Expect rigorous efforts to inspectvehicles and facilities, and you maybe required to participate in specialguard duties

16. FPCON Delta • When a terrorist attack has occurred or when intelligence has been received that indicates terrorist action against a specific location is imminent • Normally, Force Protection Condition Delta is declared as a localized warning • The installation moves to a high state of alert, and commander implements mandatory security measures • Commanders encouraged to supplement mandatory security measures Additional security measuresdelay and interrupt normal routines

17. Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Sun day Roll outquick-reactionforce Close gate,placebarriers Randomvehicleinspections Randomvehicleinspections IDchecks IDchecks Random Antiterrorism Measures Force Protection Condition plusrandom antiterrorism measures

18. ThreatAssessment Training ATReadiness VulnerabilityAssessment Exercises AT ProgramReview AT Plan AT Program Overview Integrated AT program

19. Self Protective Measures • Overcome routines • Vary routes and times to and from work • Exercise (jog) on different routes/times and don’t exercise alone • Vary times/places for shopping, lunch, and other appointments • Enter/exit buildings through different doors • Don’t divulge family/personal info to strangers • Be prepared for unexpected events

20. Self Protective Measures • Maintain a low profile • Dress/behave in public consistent with local customs. Avoid wearing western attire, clothing with U.S. flags, logos, etc. • No U.S. related stickers, decals, logos on luggage, briefcases, shopping bags, etc. • Unless necessary, don’t wear uniform or military items in public • Shun publicity • Show respect for local customs • Don’t flash large sums of money, expensive jewelry, or luxury items

21. Self Protective Measures • Be alert to, and aware of changes in, the security atmosphere • Be alert for surveillance attempts, suspicious persons or activities, and report them to proper authorities • Watch for unexplained absences of local citizens as an early warning of possible terrorist actions • Avoid public disputes or confrontations. Report any trouble to the proper authorities.

22. Traveling By Air • Airlines and routes • Do not fly routes with stops in high threat areas • Check-in • Seat Selection • Skyjacking • Release/Rescue

23. Afghanistan (11/15/02) Albania (6/25/02) Algeria (6/14/01) Andorra (4/4/01) Angola (9/12/02) Anguilla (10/22/02) Antigua & Barbuda (5/7/02) Argentina (9/18/02) Armenia (9/5/02) Aruba (11/8/01) Australia (4/11/02) Austria (8/19/02) Azerbaijan (8/2/02) The Bahamas (6/13/02) Bahrain (9/16/02) Bangladesh (6/17/02) Barbados (11/8/01) Belarus (1/14/02) Belgium (2/11/02) Belize (7/5/02) Benin (7/18/02) Bermuda (5/7/02) Bhutan (6/7/02) Bolivia (1/17/02) Bosnia-Herzegovina (7/5/02) Botswana (10/8/02) Brazil (10/9/01) British Virgin Islands (9/14/99) British West Indies: See Anguilla and Montserrat Brunei (11/6/02) Bulgaria (8/23/02) Burkina Faso (7/18/02) Burma (Myanmar) (5/6/02) Burundi (10/7/02) Cambodia (11/5/02) Cameroon (9/3/02) Canada (8/6/02) Cape Verde (7/24/02) Cayman Islands (5/30/02) Central African Republic (4/29/02) Chad (3/7/02) Chile (4/12/02) China (4/11/02) Colombia (9/24/02) Comoros (6/21/02) Congo-Brazzaville (6/26/01) Congo-Kinshasa (7/18/02) 7/1/02 Travel Warning Costa Rica (11/7/02) Côte d'Ivoire (7/18/02) Croatia (4/30/02) Cuba (9/12/02) Cyprus (9/16/02) Czech Republic (1/18/02) Denmark, Greenland and the Faroe Islands (11/17/00) Djibouti (11/25/02) Dominica (6/25/02) Dominican Republic (10/22/02) East Timor (8/12/02) Ecuador (Galapagos Islands) (10/24/01) Egypt (2/26/02) El Salvador (11/5/02) Equatorial Guinea (9/3/02) Eritrea (8/19/02) Estonia (8/19/02) Ethiopia (9/12/02) Fiji (6/13/02) Finland (8/14/01) France (4/18/02) French Guiana (9/26/02) French Polynesia (Tahiti) (9/16/02) French West Indies (11/25/02) Gabon (9/3/02) The Gambia (7/22/02) Georgia (11/28/01) Germany (9/18/01) Ghana (11/07/02) Greece (4/30/02) Greenland (11/17/00) Grenada (8/15/02) Guadeloupe (2/22/01) Guatemala (11/21/02) Guinea (7/26/02) Guinea-Bissau (10/15/02) Guyana (5/31/02) Haiti (12/3/02) Honduras (11/8/02) Hong Kong SAR (China) (2/26/02) Hungary (6/1/01) Iceland (8/19/02) India (2/22/02) Indonesia (10/25/02) Iran (2/26/02) Iraq (11/21/02) Ireland (12/11/01) Israel, the West Bank and Gaza (11/26/02) Italy (6/27/02) Jamaica (9/26/02) Japan (12/14/01) Jordan (11/26/01) 11/22/02 Travel Warning Kazakhstan (10/30/02) Kenya (7/24/02) Kiribati (7/18/02) Kuwait (8/12/02) Kyrgyz Republic (1/3/02) Laos (5/16/02) Latvia (7/18/02) Lebanon (5/31/02) Lesotho (4/11/02) Liberia (9/12/02) Libya (10/25/02) Liechtenstein Lithuania (1/27/00) Luxembourg (11/19/02) Macau SAR (China) (9/16/02) Macedonia (Former Yugoslav Republic of) (9/3/02) 5/21/02 Travel Warning Madagascar (5/2/02) Malawi (4/29/02) Malaysia (11/14/02) Maldives (5/2/02) Mali (5/16/02) Malta (8/19/02) Marshall Islands (9/8/00) Martinique (2/22/01) Mauritania (11/14/02) Mauritius (3/29/02) Mexico (11/20/02) Micronesia, Federated States of (5/31/02) Moldova (8/6/02) Monaco (7/27/00) Mongolia (6/8/00) Montserrat (10/22/02) Morocco (9/12/02) Mozambique (5/31/02) Namibia (9/12/02) Nauru (9/16/02) Nepal (11/4/02) Netherlands (8/9/02) Netherlands Antilles (11/26/01) New Caledonia (9/16/02) New Zealand (6/27/02) Nicaragua (11/7/02) Niger (8/15/02) Nigeria (1/19/01) North Korea (7/22/02) Norway (3/4/02) Oman (9/18/02) Pakistan (4/4/02) Palau (6/26/02) Panama (9/20/01) Papua New Guinea (6/13/02) Paraguay (8/15/02) Peru (7/30/02) Philippines (10/11/02) Poland (2/7/02) Portugal (5/8/02) Qatar (8/29/02) Romania (9/30/02) Russia (10/2/02) Rwanda (6/10/02) Samoa (6/26/02) Sao Tome and Principe (3/8/02) Saudi Arabia (8/29/02) Senegal (7/26/02) Seychelles (6/21/02) Sierra Leone (7/30/02) Singapore (11/1/02) Slovak Republic (9/16/02) Slovenia (9/5/02) Solomon Islands (3/11/02) Somalia (6/21/02) South Africa (6/21/02) South Korea (11/22/02) Spain and Andorra (2/25/02) Travel Alerts • Sri Lanka (4/11/02) • St. Kitts & Nevis (8/9/02) • St. Lucia (9/14/99) • St. Vincent & the Grenadines (8/15/02) • Sudan (8/6/02) • Suriname (4/29/02) • Swaziland (4/11/02) • Sweden (9/30/02) • Switzerland & Liechtenstein (9/4/01) • Syria (3/21/02) • Taiwan (6/7/02) • Tajikistan (5/31/02) • 9/26/01 Travel Warning • Tanzania (Zanzibar) (4/9/02) • Thailand (10/30/02) • Togo (8/19/02) • Tonga (9/16/02) • Trinidad & Tobago (11/01/02) • Tunisia (6/7/02) • Turkey (11/22/02) • Driver Safety Briefing for Turkey • Turkmenistan (1/18/02) • 9/12/02 Public Announcement • Turks and Caicos (6/21/02) • Tuvalu (9/16/02) • Uganda (7/30/02) • Ukraine (9/26/02) • United Arab Emirates (11/13/02) • United Kingdom and Gibraltar (England, Wales, Scotland, Northern Ireland) (7/8/02) • Uruguay (9/5/01) • Uzbekistan (4/18/02) • 10/31/02 Public Announcement • Vanuatu (6/26/02) • Venezuela (11/6/02) • 11/27/02 Public Announcement • Vietnam (7/27/01) • Yemen (12/3/01) • 11/30/02 Travel Warning • Yugoslavia, Federal Republic of (5/28/02) • Zambia (7/22/02) • Zimbabwe (11/26/02)

24. Hotel Security • Registration • Room selection • Escape routes • Safe havens • Hotel pages • Room Key • In your room • Taxi

25. Foot Traffic • Vary your route and times of travel • Stay alert to what is happening around you • Avoid areas that are hostile • Walk facing traffic • Maintain a cautious attitude, cross intersections with groups, stop with your back against a wall • Know what you are going to do if you have a crisis

26. Traveling By Car • Make your self a “hard” target • Vary your routes and times of travel • Know location of safe areas • Everyone in the car should be alert to what is happening around them

27. Car Bomb Searches • If the surveillance team thinks you are doing a good job of searching your car for bombs, they will be less likely to attempt a car bombing • Looks for signs of tampering, pieces of tape, discarded wires, grease marks, etc..... • Do the search the same way each time so that you always cover the same areas • If you sense something is wrong then leave the car and call authorities

28. Office Protection • Vary routines, times and exits • Desks and offices • Windows • Visitors • Incoming mail • Office management • Emergency plans

29. Hostage Taking • Hostage taking is a way of setting up a bargaining position • Several possible reasons for victim selection • Political extremists and religious fanatics are the major threat in hostage taking • Fleeing criminal, the wronged person, and mentally disturbed are the most unpredictable

30. Captured • Resist or surrender? • Do not resist unduly • Stay alert

31. Authorized Conduct • DOD Directive 1300.7 provides guidance on authorized conduct for hostages during peacetime • DoD policy is to survive with honor • Maintain your military bearing • Remain calm, courteous, and project personal dignity • Carefully consider the risk prior to an escape attempt • Provide your name, rank, social security number, and date of birth and innocent circumstances leading to detention

32. Summary • Be alert to, and aware of, the security atmosphere. • Overcome routines. • Maintain a low profile. • Know the threat and likely threat tactics. • Be prepared for unexpected events. • Practice the security measures presented here. • Have a safe trip!

33. http://at-aware.org(password= aware) SAEDA/AT CD-ROM available from S2 More Information

34. “…we are a country awakened to danger and called to defend freedom. Our grief has turned to anger, anger to resolution, whether we bring our enemies to justice, or justice to our enemies, justice will be done.” “We have no greater responsibility than the defense of our people against terrorist attack.” President George W. Bush before the 107th Congress, 20 September 2001