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¡A DESCRIBIR!

¡A DESCRIBIR!. Español 1 Vocabulario y Gramática. Subject Pronouns. What is a subject pronoun? What are the subject pronouns in English? What are the subject pronouns in Spanish?. Subject Pronouns. The subject of a sentence tells who is doing the action.

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¡A DESCRIBIR!

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  1. ¡A DESCRIBIR! Español 1 Vocabulario y Gramática

  2. Subject Pronouns • What is a subject pronoun? • What are the subject pronouns in English? • What are the subject pronouns in Spanish?

  3. Subject Pronouns • The subject of a sentence tells who is doing the action. • Often a person’s name is the subject: • Gregorio. • Anacanta y baila.

  4. Subject Pronouns • You also use subject pronouns (I, you, he, she, we, they) to tell who is doing an action. • The subject pronouns replace people’s names. • Here are all the subject pronouns.

  5. Yo Tú Usted (Ud.) Él Ella I You (informal) You (formal) He She Subject Pronouns (Singular)

  6. Nosotros Nosotras Vosotros Vosotras Ustedes (Uds.) Ellos Ellas We (males) We (females) You All (informal) You All (informal) You All (formal) They (males) They (females) Subject Pronouns (Plural)

  7. Subject Pronouns • Tú, usted, ustedes, and vosotros(as) all mean “you.” • Use tú with family, friends, people your age or younger, and anyone you call by his or her first name.

  8. Subject Pronouns • Use usted with adults you address with a title, such as señor, señora, profesor(a), etc. Usted is usually written as Ud.

  9. Subject Pronouns • In Latin America, use ustedes when speaking to two or more people, regardless of age. Ustedes is usually written as Uds.

  10. Subject Pronouns • In Spain, use vosotros(as) when speaking to two or more people you call tú individually: • Tú + tú = vosotros(as) • Use ustedes when talking to two or more people you call usted individually.

  11. Subject Pronouns • If a group is made up of males only or of both males and females together, use the masculine forms: nosotros, vosotros, ellos.

  12. Subject Pronouns • You can combine a subject pronoun and a name to form a subject.

  13. Subject Pronouns • Alejandro y yo = nosotros • Carlos y ella = ellos • Pepe y tú = ustedes • Lola y ella = ellas

  14. P r a c t i c a m o s… Translate: • tú • usted • nosotras • vosotros/ ustedes • yo • él • ella • ellas • you (familiar) • you (formal) • we (all girls) • all of you (2 ways) • I • he • she • They (girls)

  15. Subjects and Verbs In English, we sometimes change the form of the verb according to the subject. For example: I read, but he __________. I ambut you _____, and she __________. This is called conjugating the verb. We also conjugate verbs in Spanish.

  16. El VerboSer = to be English: I am you are He is She is It is We are You all are They are Spanish: Yosoy Túeres Ustedes Éles Ella es Nosotrossomos Vosotrossois Ellosson

  17. P r a c t i c a m o s • I am from Caracas. • She is from Caracas. • Mario is from Lima. • Mario and I are from Lima. • You (formal) are not from Lima. • You (familiar) are not from Lima. • Yo soy de Caracas. • Ella es de Caracas. • Mario es de Lima. • Mario y yosomos de Lima. • Usted no es de Lima. • Tú no eres de Lima.

  18. Vocabulario Nuevo: • What are some words that name people in Spanish? • How many words for the are there in Spanish? • Why does the word for the change from one subject to another?

  19. Vocabulario Nuevo: Nombres/nouns • Before we learn nouns, we need to know something about the word the in Spanish. • There are 4 words for the in Spanish: el la los las

  20. the…4 ways: When using nouns that name people, the word for “The” depends on the gender of the person. Use el if the person is masculine, singular. El señor El chico El papá

  21. the…4 ways: When using nouns that name people, the word for “The” depends on the gender of the person. Use la if the person is femenine, singular. La señora La chica La profe

  22. the…4 ways: When using nouns that name people, the word for “The” depends on the gender of the person. Use los if the people are masculine, plural. Los señores Los chicos Los muchachos

  23. the…4 ways: When using nouns that name people, the word for “The” depends on the gender of the person. Use las if the people are feminine and plural. Las señoras Las chicas Las profesoras

  24. ¡Practicamos! • ____ chicas • ____ mamá • ____ chicos • ____profesoras • ____ señor • ____ señora • ____ chico • ____ chica • Las • La • Los • Las • El • La • El • La

  25. Nouns that name people Notice that the words for people in Spanish also depend on masculine/feminine/singular/plural amigo amigos amigaamigas

  26. Vocabulario Nuevo: • el amigo/la amiga • el chico/la chica • el muchacho/ • la muchacha • la familia • el hombre • la mujer • la señora • el señor • la señorita • the friend • the boy/the girl • the guy/girl • the family • the man • the woman • the lady • the gentleman • the young woman

  27. Nouns that name Places • la comunidad • el mundo • el país Other places you know: • La clase • la casa • El apartamento • the community • the world • the country • the class • the house • the apartment

  28. Profesiones: • Occupations • el doctor/la doctora • el/la estudiante • el maestro/la maestra • el/la policía • el director/la directora* • the doctor • the student • the teacher • the police officer • the principal

  29. Másprofesiones • el/la jefe* • el/la presidente • el profesor/la profesora* • el secretario/ la secretaria • el/ la atleta* • el camarero/la camarera* • the boss • the president • the teacher • the secretary • the athlete • the waiter/ waitress

  30. Professions with SER To tell someone’s profession, we use the verb “ser” • Yo soy profesora. • Ella esdoctora. • María y Ana son maestras. • Antonio y yosomoscamareros.

  31. ¡Practicamos! • Ella esdoctora. • Éles doctor. • Nosotrassomosdoctoras. • Yo no soy doctor. • ¿Erestúdoctora? • Mi mamáesdoctora. • She is a doctor. • He is a doctor. • We are doctors. • I am not a doctor. • Are you a doctor? • My mom is a doctor.

  32. Los Adjectivos • What are adjectives? • How are adjectives different in English vs. Spanish? • How does an adjective change for plural nouns?

  33. Adjectives • Words that describe people and things are called adjectives (adjetivos). • In Spanish, most adjectives have both masculine and feminine forms. • The masculine form usually ends in the letter -o and the feminine form usually ends in the letter -a.

  34. Adjectives • Masculine adjectives are used to describe masculine nouns. • Marcos es ordenado y simpatico. • Marcos is organized and nice.

  35. Adjectives • Feminine adjectives are used to describe feminine nouns. • Marta esordenada y simpática. • Marta is organized and nice. • **Notice that the adjective is placed afterthe noun in Spanish.

  36. Adjectives • Adjectivesthat end in -e describe both masculine and feminine nouns. • Take a look

  37. Adjectives • Anita es inteligente. • Anita is smart. • Pedro es inteligente también. • Pedro is also smart.

  38. Masculine ordenado trabajador paciente deportista Feminine ordenada traqbajadora paciente deportista Adjectives

  39. Adjectives • When an adjective ends in -or, an -a is added to describe a feminine noun. • Juan es trabajador. • Luz es trabajadora

  40. Adjectives • Some adjectives that end in -a, such as deportista, describe both masculine and feminine nouns. • You will need to learn which adjectives follow this pattern.

  41. Adjectives • Tomás es deportista. • Tomás is sports-minded. • Marta es deportista también. • Marta is also sports-minded.

  42. ¿Cómoerestú? • alto/a • bajo/a • bello/a* • bonito/a • débil • delgado/a • feo/a • fuerte • gordo/a • grande • tall • short • beautiful • pretty • weak • thin • ugly • strong • fat • big

  43. ¿Cómoesél? ¿Cómoesella? • guapo/a • hermoso/a* • joven • mediano/a • moreno/a • nuevo/a • pelirrojo/a • pequeño/a • rubio/a • viejo/a • aburrido/a • agradable • handsome • beautiful • young • medium • dark-featured • new • red-haired • small • blond • old • boring • friendly/agreeable

  44. antipático/a • aplicado/a* • bueno/a • cómico/a • desagradable • distraído/a* • divertido/a • estudioso/a* • estúpido/a • impaciente • mean, unfriendly • hard-working • good • funny • disagreeable • distractable • fun • studious • stupid • impaciente

  45. inteligente • interesante • listo/a • malo/a • paciente • perezoso/a • sabio/a* • serio/a • simpático/a • tonto/a • trabajador/a • intelligent • interesting • clever • bad • patient • lazy • knowledgeable • serious • nice • foolish, silly • hard-working

  46. ¡A DESCRIBIR!Los ojos y el pelocontener Español 1 Vocabulario y Gramática

  47. el verboser To describe a person’s physical appearance in Spanish, we usually use the verb ser. Examples: Yo soy alta. Élesrubio. Ella esinteligente y bonita.

  48. El VerboTener Some descriptions require the verb tener instead of ser. Tenermeans to have. We use tener to describe: hair(I have long hair.) eyes (I have blue eyes.)

  49. The Verb TENER • Here is the verb “To Have” in English.

  50. I have You have He She has It We have They have TO HAVE

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