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The Empire at Its Height

The Empire at Its Height. Section 2. 7.1.2. Discuss the geographic borders of the empire at its height and the factors that threatened its territorial cohesion. Background Knowledge. republic – a government in which citizens have the right to vote and elect officials.

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The Empire at Its Height

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  1. The Empire at Its Height Section 2

  2. 7.1.2 Discuss the geographic borders of the empire at its height and the factors that threatened its territorial cohesion

  3. Background Knowledge • republic – a government in which citizens have the right to vote and elect officials

  4. From Republic to Empire

  5. Turmoil at Home • Elected Officials • Rule over large regions • Different People • Culture

  6. Turmoil at Home • Prisoners of War • Slaves • Poor quality of life • Riots and Revolts

  7. The End of the Republic • Julius Caesar • popular military hero • expanded Rome's borders and conquered Gaul • the senate ordered Julius Caesar to return to Rome without his armies

  8. The End of the Republic • Julius Caesar • crosses the Rubicon with his armies therefore causing a civil war. • Declared “dictator for life” by Roman senate in 44 B.C. • Expands the senate but Reduces their power • Created jobs. • 365 ¼ day calendar.

  9. The End of the Republic • Assassinate - to murder a well-known or important person • Led by Marcus Brutus and Gaius Cassius • Civil War

  10. The End of the Republic • Octavian • Caesar’s adopted son • Becomes ruler of Rome in 31 B.C.

  11. The Empire Grows • Augustus • “great and holy one”

  12. The Age of Augustus • Reforms - change made to improve a system • 100 colonies • Former soldiers • Spreads Roman law and culture

  13. The Age of Augustus • Pax Romana - a period of peace and prosperity • At the time of Augustus death in A.D. 14, the Roman empire stretched from the British Isles to Southwest Asia.

  14. The Age of Augustus • Pax Romana - a period of peace and prosperity

  15. Choosing an Emperor • Plotting and murder • Military took sides • Mixed results

  16. The “Good Emperors” • Nerva • Adopts a successor • Avoids power struggles

  17. The “Good Emperors” • Trajan (A.D. 98 - 117) • The empire reached its greatest size • Tied empire together by building roads, bridges, and harbors • Tried to improve conditions for the poor

  18. The “Good Emperors” • Hadrian (A.D. 117 - 138) • Strengthened defenses • Hadrian’s Wall • Described as a fair and wise ruler who cared for the people

  19. Hadrian’s Wall

  20. The “Good Emperors” • Marcus Aurelius (A.D. 161 - 180) • Noble peace-loving scholar • Wars along the eastern borders • Pax Romana ended with his death in A.D. 180

  21. The Empire Divided • The empire is plagued by troubles again • Diocletian • Takes power in A.D. 284 • Empire too large to rule effectively • Divides empire in two

  22. The Empire Divided

  23. The Empire Divided • Reform appeared to be a good solution • Dividing the empire made it weaker, not stronger.

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