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Warm-up: 1. What is an element? 2. What is a compound?. 16. Titanium 17. Iron 18. Nickel 19. Copper 20. Tin 21. Iodine 22. Tungsten 23. Gold 24. Mercury Lead Radon.
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16. Titanium17. Iron • 18. Nickel • 19. Copper • 20. Tin • 21. Iodine • 22. Tungsten • 23. Gold24. Mercury • Lead • Radon 1. Hydrogen2. Helium3. Lithium4. Boron5. Carbon6. Nitrogen7. Oxygen8.Neon9. Sodium10. Aluminum11. Silicon12. Sulfur13. Chlorine 14. Potassium15. Calcium
A mixture is when two or more substances are mixed together but not combined chemically
MIXTURE OR PURE SUBSTANCE? NaHCO3 - Sodium Bicarbonate
MIXTURE OR PURE SUBSTANCE? Sugar: C12H22O11
MIXTURE OR PURE SUBSTANCE? Oxygen
Warm-Up:1. Is H2O a _____________. a. Element b. Compound c. Mixture d. All of the Above2. Why is tap water considered a mixture?
In a liquid, molecules are closer together but still move around
In a solid, molecules vibrate in place and do not move around
Plasmas are gases that are so energized that some of their electrons have been stripped away
Gasses and liquids take the shape of their containers, solids do not.
Warm-Up: 1. In which state of matter are the molecules moving the fastest?2. In which state of matter are the molecules not moving around, just vibrating in place?3. Matter in which two states takes the shape of its container?4. To make matter change from a solid to a liquid, what must happen to the molecules?
WARM-UP: 1. Matter in which two states takes the shape of its container?2. To make matter change from a solid to a liquid, what must happen to the molecules?
WARM-UP: 1. Which state of matter is the most dense?2. When a substance changes from a solid to a liquid what is this called?3. When a substance changes from a liquid to a gas what is this called?4. When a substance changes from a gas to a liquid, what is this called?
WARM-UP: 1. What is volume? Give two examples of two things that have different volumes.2. What makes each element different from one another? 3. What is atomic number?
1. What are the types of pure substances? 2. What are the types of mixtures?3. What is density? Describe two things that have different densities. 4. What combination of substances retains the properties of its components?
5. Give an example of a homogeneous mixture. 6. Give an example of a heterogeneous mixture. 7. List the phases of matter in ascending order of density.8. What must be done to change a gas to a liquid?
9. What is the phase change called when a solid changes directly to a gas?10. Is density a physical or chemical property of matter?11. Nitrogen boils at -196oC. Is this a physical or chemical property? 12. List these items in order of ascending density:-a bowling ball –a beach ball – a penny – a hot air balloon in the air
Physical Properties of matter describe the matter’s physical characteristics
Boiling/Melting Points H2O = 1000C (2120F) CO2 = -570C (-700F)
Density = Mass VolumePractice: A material has a mass of 100g and a volume of 10 cm3.Calculate the density.
Chemical Properties describe how a substance reacts chemically with another substance
Law of Conservation of Matter/Mass:Matter can never be created or destroyed
Warm-Up: 1. Find the density of an object with a mass of 40g and a volume of 5 cubic cm.2. Find the mass of a sample of a substance with a density of 5 g/ml and a volume of 2 ml3. List three physical properties of H2O
Solutions: • S o l u t i o n s - A homogeneous mixture composed of only one phase
Solutions: • S o l v e n t - the most abundant substance in a solution. The solvent dissolves the solute. • S o l u t e - the least abundant substance in a solution. The solute dissolves into the solvent. • In a sugar water solution, water is the solvent & sugar is the solute. • In steel (a solution which becomes a solid) iron is the solvent and carbon is the solute • Air is a solution
Solutions • Homogeneous mixture • Mixed molecule by molecule • Can occur between any state of matter. • Solid in liquid- Kool-aid • Liquid in liquid- antifreeze • Gas in gas- air • Solid in solid - brass • Liquid in gas- water vapor