Human Biology B – Mrs. Yates

1. Human Biology B – Mrs. Yates • Disclosure • Parent Permission Slip • Rules • Be on time • Respect - talking • No cell phones • No complaining • Don’t misuse hall pass

2. Human skeleton from Andreas Vesalius's Fabrica (1543) SKELETAL SYSTEM Human B – Mrs. Yates

3. Bell Quiz Day 1 • 1. How many bones do you think are in the human body? • 2. What is your largest bone? • 3. What is your smallest bone? • 4. Name five bones that you already know • 5. How many bones are you born with?

4. Bell Quiz Day 2 • Define the following: • Anterior • Lateral • Posterior • Sagittal • Define the following vocab words: • Corac • Carp • Cervic • Cox • Condyl

5. Vocabulary • 1. aur- 10. arthr(o)- • 2. –poiesis 11. carp- • 3. brachi- 12. cervic • 4. oss- 13. dia- • 5. burso 14. cox(a), pelv • 6. –genesis 15. dactyl, digit • 7. ax- 16. fov- • 8. front- 17. scolio • 9. corac- 18. condyl-

8. Axial Skeleton • Skull • Ribs • Vertebrae

9. Skull – 22 bones • Two parts • Cranium bones - 8 • Facial bones -14 • Not fully developed at birth • Thickness ~ 2 mm

10. Cranium (8)– bones that enclose the brain

11. Cranium • A. Frontal bone • B. Parietal bone (paired) • C. Occipital bone • D. Temporal bone (paired) • E. Sphenoid (connects cranium to facial) • F. Ethmoid (roof and sides of the nasal passage)

12. Facial – (14) Bones not enclosing brain

13. Facial • G. Lacrimal (2) • H. Nasal Bone (2) • I. Zygomatic (2) Cheek bones • J. Maxilla (2) upper jaw • K. Mandible *Only movable joint in the skull. • M. Vomer – Nasal Septum Bone • N. Palatine (2)

14. Color Code the Brain A-L and sutures (a,b,c)

15. Frontal Bone • Contains 2 sinuses

16. Frontal - damage • A) before surgery • B) CT scans • C) during surgery • D) reconstruction of frontal plates • E) two years after surgery

17. Parietal Bone - 2

18. Unusually aggressive forms of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma are being increasingly recognized as a complication of HIV infection. We report the case of a 59-year-old male patient with advanced HIV infection who presented with a highly aggressive SCC lesion over the scalp area with destruction of the underlying parietal bone and fulminant clinical progression.

19. Occipital Bone

20. War of the roses - 1491

21. Temporal - 2

22. Temporal- Occipital region

23. Sphenoid (pg. 139) Batman Bone • Contains sinuses

24. Ethmoid bone • Upper portion of nasal septum • Contains sinuses

25. Vomer bone • Bottom part of nasal septum

26. Sutures (a,b,c) • Lines where bones meet, immovable joints.

27. Fontanels • Soft spots with no bones when babies are born. (Connective tissue)

28. As a fetus develops, its brain grows rapidly. The skull is growing as well but can not keep up. Fusion of the bones begins, but will complete after birth. A new born generally has 2 frontal bones, 4 occipital bones, and several sphenoid and temporal bones. These bones are held together by fontanels.

29. Foramen Magnum • Opening in occipital bone for spinal cord exit.

30. External Auditory Meatus • Opening in temporal bone for ear canals

31. Styloid Process • Sharp bone projection to help anchor muscles association with the tongue.

32. Mastoid Process • Projection from skull

34. Facial Bones

35. Lacrimal (2) • Thin and scale like • Fragile • Near tear ducts

36. Nasal Bone (2) • Two rectangles that form the bridge of the nose

37. Zygomatic Bone (2) • Cheek bones. • ‘Zygomatic Arch’ connects to the temporal bone.

38. Maxilla (2) • Form the floor of the nasal cavity and the roof of the oral cavity (hard palate). • Upper jaw

39. Mandible • Only moveable face bone

42. Ossicles • Bones of the ear • Smallest bones in body Malleus Incus Stapes Hammer Anvil Stirrup

43. Hyoid • Attachment for movement of the tongue • doesn’t touch any other bones • Only floating bone