Environmental Protection

2. EnvironmentalProtection Eralp TÜZÜNER Merve AVŞAROĞLU Şeyma GÜNGÖR

3. What is EnvironmentalProtection? • EnvironmentalProtection is a practice of protectingtheenvironment on individual,governmentalandorganizationallevelforthebenefitsforhumanityandnaturalenvironment • ?=Theusage of fossilfuels,deforestation,highcarbon-dioxideemission, andetc.

4. MainPriorityforEnvironmentalProtection; • Combatingclimatechange. • Preservingbio-diversity • Reducinghealthproblemsfrompollution • Unconscioususage of FossilFuels

5. What is ClimateChange? • “Climate Change” effects more than just a change in the weather, it refers to seasonal changes over a long period of time.

6. Earth is gettingWarmer

7. WhyEnvironmentalProtectionimportant? • The world renew itself but it takes a long time • The quality of air decreases • We haven’t got any land for living • Water quality declines • Ecosystem affected badly • LimitedResources

8. What is the role of European Union in Environmental Protection?

9. Big Conferences, Treaties about E.P. • Single European Act: basic law came. however did not mention about the sustainability. • 1992 Maastcriht Treaty: given the status field of environmental policy, and "sustainable development" concept was officially formed in EU law. • 1997 Treaty of Amsterdam:The concept of sustainable development has become one of the main objectives of the EU. • 2000 Treaty of Nice: The place of environmental protection explicitly stressed in new European order • Environmental Action Plans was completed in1973 to the present.6th Environmental Action Plan was prepared in2002

10. Whatthe EU is doing? • European Union has; highest environmental standarts in the world. • European Union make many investments in this topic. • Since the 1990s, many studies done on climate change • EU governments have also set aside more than €2.7 billion for investments in emission-saving projects

11. European Climate Change Programme • Launchedin 2000 • Apply to all applications in the Kyoto protocol • Strategy;to limit carbondioxide (CO2) • Improveenergyefficiency

12. EmissionsTradingScheme • Launched in 2005 • Works on “capandtrade” • gives a financial incentive to reduce emissions by establishing a market-based trading system • the 27 EU MemberStatesplusIceland, LiechtensteinandNorway

13. Johannesburg Renewable Energy Coalition • Agreed by Heads of State at the 2002 WorldSummitforSustainableDevelopment (WSSD) • There were 66 founding members • JREC Members focus on international, regional, and national political initiatives that help fostering an enabling policies for the promotion renewable energy. • JREC supportedbycommunity, Internationalcompanies, NGOs

14. The "20-20-20" targets • A reduction in EU greenhouse gas emissions of at least 20% below 1990 levels • 20% of EU energy consumption to come from renewable resources • A 20% reduction in primary energy use compared with projected levels, to be achieved by improving energy efficiency.

15. Indicators Wind, Solar, HydroEnergysourcesand; airpollution

16. What is Renewable Energy?

17. Renewable Energy • Solar energy • Windenergy • Hydroenergy

18. Solar Energy Solar panel Photovoltaic (PV) cells

19. Advantages of solar energy • Infiniteness • No environmentalpollution • Easilyaffordable • Decrease in bills

20. Disadvantages of solar energy • Cost • Dayswith no sunlight

21. Windenergy Windturbines

22. Advantages of Wind Energy • Infiniteness • No environmentalpollution • Undisturbedagriculturalactivities

23. Disadvantages of Wind Energy • Cost • Dayswith no wind • Largewindfarms • Noise • Harmfulforanimals

24. Hydro Energy Hydroenergydams

25. Advantages of Hydro Energy • Control • Continuity • No environmentalpollution

26. Disadvantages of Hydro Energy • Cost • Habitat to be disturbed • Needforcertainamount of water

27. Air Pollution • What is greenhouse effect?

28. Causes of greenhouseeffect • Fuel • Deforestation • Industrialgases • Overpopulation

29. Impacts of greenhouseeffect • Climatechange • Naturaldisasters • Shortage of foodsupply

30. Potentialsolution Decrease in “carbonfootprint”

31. Comparison of Some Countries

32. DENMARK SWEDEN POLAND MALTA TURKEY

34. DENMARK Denmark is one of the most efficient users of renewableenergy compared withthe other EU Member States and OECD countries Wave Power WİND POWER BIOMASS

35. Production of Renewable Energy by Type

36. Today, Denmark is a world leader in wind turbine production and has averybigwindpower..!! Now in Denmark, Renewable energy covers 14 % of gross energy consumption and over 28 % of the electricity generated. (Danish Energy Athority Report, 2010)

37. 20 % of Denmark electricity generation comes from wind power.

38. Denmark have failed to reduce their own emissions.

39. Sweden Sweden has the greatest renewable energy in all European countries. Sweden has set their target at 50 percent renwable energy by 2020, In 2009, 47,7 percent of Sweden’s total energy supplied was renewable energy. Hydro power Biofules

40. Sweeden has set theirtarget at 50% renewableenergyby 2020

41. Share in total EU-15 GHG emissions 2005 1.6 % Kyoto target (absolute) 75.2 Mt Kyoto target (% from base year) + 4.0 % Change base year to 2005 – 7.4 % Change 2004–05 – 3.9 % Change base year to 2010 with existing measures – 2.7 % GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSION http://www.eea.europa.eu/publications/eea_report_2007_5/Sweden.pdf

42. POLAND Nature has bestowed Poland generously renewable resources. Wind and Solar energy, are used more and more frequently, their growing popularity supported by great advances in technology. However, Biomass is now the largest source of clean power in Poland,

43. 15 % share of RES on the final consumption of energy in 2020. Poland supports renwable energy in everywhere and every time. the National Environmental Protection and Water Management Fund and provincial, district and commune environmental protection and water management funds.

44. Poland’s GHG emissions were 32.0 % • below base-year (1988) levels and 0.6 % above those in • 2004 in 2005. Poland’s GHG emissions were 32.0 % below base-year (1988) levels and 0.6 % above those in 2004 in 2005.

45. MALTA Malta is totally dependent upon imported fossil fuels for its energy needs. Renewable energy could be used effective in the island however it cost very high. It is the worst for renewable energy uses in European cuntries. Its aim is to catch the 10% for 20 20 20 target. Wind and solar energy is high.

46. CO2 emissions (kt) in Malta Carbon dioxide emissions are stemming from the burning of fossil fuels and the manufacture of cement. They include carbon dioxide produced during consumption of solid, liquid, and gas fuels and gas flaring. Malta is a small, island economy in the Mediterranean. Malta is dependent on foreign trade (serving as a freight trans-shipment point), manufacturing (electronics and textiles), tourism and financial services.

47. TURKEY Today, Turkey’s economy is mainly dependent on oil,and natural gas. On the other hand, it is a rich country for the renewable energ resources It has the 8% of the geothermal energy potential in theworld. The aim is : to decrease of 3% in the country's energy dependence

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