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Turmoil in the Middle East

Explore the history of Arab-Israeli conflicts, major events such as the Six-Day War, Yom Kippur War, and peace efforts. Learn about the main religions in the Middle East and the ongoing issues in Gaza, Jerusalem, and the West Bank.

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Turmoil in the Middle East

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  1. Turmoil in the Middle East Conflict between Arab countries and Israel

  2. What do you know about the Middle East? • What are the main religions in the Middle East? • What were the Crusades?

  3. Timeline of Major Events • 1917 first idea of creating Israel • 1948 Israel officially becomes country • 1948 Arab countries attack Israel • 1956 Suez Canal conflict • 1967 Six Day War

  4. Timeline Continued • 1973 Yom Kippur War • 1978 Camp David Peace Accords • 1992 Oslo Peace Accords • 2000- present conflict over Gaza Strip and West Bank

  5. 1917 Balfour Declaration- Jewish Zionists ask British empire for help with creating a new country

  6. 1948 Israel Becomes a Country • Zionists pushed for Jewish country • Holocaust caused relocation • In 1948 Palestine is divided into: Israel- Jewish Palestine- Muslim • War starts between Israel and Arab countries

  7. Conflicts after Creation of Israel • Egypt, Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, Saudi Arabia, and Syria attack Israel the next day • Israel wins with help from UN, United States, and Great Britain

  8. Fight over Suez Canal • Suez Canal- important for trade routes • Egypt seizes it from British • Israel combines forces with British and French to take the Suez back eventually they give back the canal to Egypt

  9. Six Day War/1967 Arab-Israeli War • Israel defeats Arab countries • Israel gets new territories: Jerusalem, Sinai Peninsula, Golan Heights, and West Bank, and the Gaza Strip

  10. Yom Kippur War • Egyptians led by Anwar Sadat invade Israel on the Jewish holiday • Israel’s prime minister Golda Meir plans counterattack • Ends up being a draw everyone ends up with the same land. • PLO (Palestinian Liberation Organization) starts under Yasir Arafat’s leadership

  11. First Attempt for Peace: Camp David Accords • Peace negotiations between Egypt and Israel • Leaders: Egypt- Anwar Sadat Israel- Menachem Begin United States- President Carter

  12. Oslo Peace Accords • Peace talks begin between Israel and Palestine • Palestine wants their own government • Israel wants acts of terrorism to end • Leaders- Rabin, Arafat, Clinton

  13. 1987 and 2000 Intifada • Protests led by Palestinian students turn violent • Israeli police and soldiers attempt to break up protests • Delays the peace process

  14. 2004 Death of Yassir Arafat • His death led to a delay of the peace process • Caused a conflict within Palestinian leadership • 2005 Mahmoud Abbas (moderate) elected president of Palestinian Authority

  15. 2005-Current Issues in Gaza Strip • Israel withdraws from Gaza Strip • Hamas takes control of Gaza • Hamas begins Rocket attacks • Israel responds with massive air strikes

  16. Current Situation • Still tension over Gaza Strip, Golan Heights, Jerusalem, and West Bank • Jewish settlements • Palestinian acts of terrorism

  17. Current Israeli Goals • More Jewish settlements in Jerusalem and West Bank • Prevent acts of terrorism • Safety from surrounding countries • End to rocket attacks from Gaza Strip

  18. Palestinian Goals • Independent Palestine • Freeing of prisoners • End to Jewish settlements in West Bank • End to blockade of Gaza Strip

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