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Changes In Education

Changes In Education. How does racism effect education? How is this inequality challenged? How does racism continue?. II. Expanding Public Education. B. Increase in % of HS graduates going to university. C. Prob.: most Afr. Amer. excluded  from secondary education.

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Changes In Education

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  1. Changes In Education How does racism effect education? How is this inequality challenged? How does racism continue?

  2. II. Expanding Public Education B. Increase in % of HS graduates going to university C. Prob.: most Afr. Amer. excluded from secondary education A. Mandatoryschooling for children age 8-14 1. Booker T. Washington: supports desire for “black schools” for skilled labor  Af. Amer. will improve economy = gradual end to racism 2. W.E.B. Du Bois: founds Niagara Movement = supports liberal arts education  create well-educated Af. Amer. leaders a) Talented Tenth: most educated Af. Amer. need to achieve immediate inclusion into society NOW! 3. Many more Historically Black Colleges & Universities (HBCUs) founded

  3. III. Jim Crow Laws- De Jure Segregation = Legal A. 1877: South. state laws allowed for segregated public & private facilities (schools, restaurants, public transit, etc.) B. Plessy v. Ferguson, Sup. Court Case (1896) 1. Homer Plessy (1/8th black) tries to challenge segregation on trains that cross state lines (interstate travel = ICC) 2. Sup. Court rules “separate but equal” is NOT a violation of the 14th Amendment, ICC cannot regulate RR’s racial policies C. Significance: Decision sets “separate but equal” standard; allows for legal racial segregation for next 60 years

  4. IV. Racial Ettiquette – De facto Segregation = Customary A. Many white southerners want blacks follow “southern” customs B. African Americans who didn’t “follow custom” could face violence & death  (1,400 lynched 1882-1902) V. Discrimination outside the South (De facto) A. North:  Blacks forced into segregated neighborhoods, unions disallow black membership, Irish discrimination in jobs B. West: Many Mexicans forced into debt peonage (forced to work until your debt is paid off); housing and education segregation (esp. in CA)

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