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***There is audio for this presentation*** . What are you feeling right now?. What will you do if the child doesn’t stop crying?. How long can you listen to this?. How are you going to help thi s child?. iTunes Name: Baby Crying Artist: Sound Effects Album: Sound Effects: People

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  1. ***There is audio for this presentation***

  2. What are you feeling right now? What will you do if the child doesn’t stop crying? How long can you listen to this? How are you going to help this child? • iTunes • Name: Baby Crying • Artist: Sound Effects • Album: Sound Effects: People • Year: 1995 • Track 18/181

  3. Shaken Baby Syndrome Klarice M. Bauer

  4. Juliana Thaxton • Born Sept. 30, 2008 • Healthy • Walking • Talking • Loved • Shaken by babysitter • 16 months old (Smith, T. 2011) (Champion 2011)

  5. Juliana • 60% brain damage • Can’t walk, talk, or see • Is now epileptic • 15-20 seizures a day • Almost died 3 times (Smith, T. 2011) (Champion 2011)

  6. Juliana Today • Needs 24-hour care • Takes numerous medications • Has developmental delays • Uses a feeding tube (Thaxton 2013) (Champion 2011)

  7. What is Shaken Baby Syndrome? • Non-accidental abuse • Violent shaking • “whiplash” • Trauma to head, brain, & spinal cord • With or without impact of object • Only one incident is life-threatening (Admin 2012) (Isser 2006)

  8. Who is at Risk? • Children 0-5+ years affected • Majority are younger than 1 year old • The “peak” is around 2-4 months • Premature babies • Children with disabilities (Bowen, Jenny 2011) (Isser 2006) (CDC n.d.)

  9. Who is at Risk? • Children who are sick • Being a multiple • Prior abuse • Frequent and inconsolable criers • Colic • Males more than females (Isser, 2006) (CDC)

  10. Who are the Abusers? • Anyone who cares for children! • Parents • Child care providers • Family in the home • Extended family • Friends (Barrusn.d.)

  11. Why Do People Shake Children? • To stop the crying • Hunger • Need changing • Lonely • Tired • Over stimulated • Sick (Deasley, Meredith 2010) (Isser 2006)

  12. Why Do People Shake Children? • Frustration • Stress • Exhaustion • Depression • Young parents/caregivers (Joshi, Mohit2013) (Isser 2006)

  13. Why Do People Shake Children? • Lack of support • Victim or witness of abuse • Negative childhood experience • Unrealistic expectations for children • Lack of anger management (CDC n.d.)

  14. What Happens to the Brain? • Head makes up 25% of the body • Weak neck muscles • Fragile brain tissue • Brain slams against skull • Skull may fracture http://noshinrezaie.wordpress.com/2012/11/21/shaken-baby-syndrome/ (Lancon 1998)

  15. What Happens to the Brain? • Blood vessels break • subdural hemorrhaging (brain) • retinal hemorrhaging (eyes) • swelling of the brain • bruising of the brain (Raila, F. A. 1998) (Lancon1998)

  16. Other Injuries? • Broken/fractured bones • Arms • Legs • Torso (Raila, F. A. 1998) (Lancon1998)

  17. Does NOT Cause SBS • CPR • Short falls • off couch, etc. • Rough play • Bouncing on knee • Tossing in air • Jogging with child (Smith, Ryan 2011) (National Center on SBS n.d.)

  18. Signs and Symptoms • Vomiting • Irritability/frequent crying • Unable to be soothed • Inability to nurse or feed • Change in sleep patterns (Pappas, Stephanie 2011) (CDC n.d.)

  19. Signs and Symptoms • Difficulty breathing • Seizures • Unresponsiveness • Unconsciousness • Death (Mohney, Gillian 2014) (CDC n.d.)

  20. Results of SBS • Brain damage • Cognitive delays • Blindness • Cerebral palsy • Low muscle tone/spasticity (World Wide Photos n.d.) (Gosselin2014)

  21. Results of SBS • Spinal injuries/paralyses • Seizures • Behavioral problems • Brain death • Death (Ross, Philip 2014) (Gosselin2014)

  22. Medical Needs for SBS Victims • Medication • Wheelchair/braces • Feeding tubes • Ventilator • Surgery (Admin 2012)

  23. Long-term Consequences • Wide spectrum of needs • Family arrangement • Foster care • Adoption • Special education • Health/Mental care (Lake County Ohio 2014.) (Pediatrics & Child Health n.d.)

  24. Long-term Consequences • Therapy and rehabilitation • Adaptive housing • Employee advocacy • Social/legal services • Injuries sustained from shaking (Disability Rights California 2011) (Pediatrics & Child Health n.d.)

  25. Statistics • Underreported • 50% of non-accidental injuries • 1,400-10,000 incidences/yr. • 21-74/100,000 children worldwide/yr. • Leading cause of death under 2 yrs. (Child Abuse Prevention Center n.d.)

  26. Statistics • 25-30% • die from injuries • 60% • die later in life from injuries • Suffer lifelong disabilities • 75% • Sever brain trauma (Offer Stone 2013) (Child Abuse Prevention Center n.d.)

  27. Statistics Shaken Baby Syndrome is 100% preventable!

  28. How to Prevent SBS? 1 • Breathe • Count to 10 • Take a time out • Go for a walk/drive • Talk to someone • Ask for help 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

  29. How to Prevent SBS? • Read • Exercise • Take a bath • Watch TV • Do a project • Teach your child sign language (Siddons, Sarah 2014).

  30. Community Resources • In Idaho call 2-1-1 care line • Or 800-926-2588 • Gritman Hospital (Idaho Care Line n.d.)

  31. Other Resources • 24-hour Parent Help Line • 888-435-7553 • Crying Baby Hotline • 866-243-2229 • TALK line • 415-441-5437(KIDS) (Lloyd, Emma 2011)

  32. References Admin. (2012). Figure 1 [image]. Retrieved from “Brain Injury Services.” (http://braininjurysvcs.org/shaking-a-baby-shatters-lives). Admin. (2012). Figure 2 [image]. Retrieved from “Brain Injury Services.” (http://braininjurysvcs.org/shaking-a-baby-shatters-lives). Arkansas Children’s Hospital. “Shaken Baby Syndrome.” Retrieved March 25, 2014. ` (http://www.archildrens.org/Services/Social-Work-Department/ Child- Abuse-Neglect/Shaken-Baby-Syndrome.aspx). Barrus. (n.d.). Family Portrait Ideas Studio #2 [image]. Retrieved from “Barrus Photography. (http://barrusphoto.com/family-portrait-ideas/). Bowen, Jenny. (2011). Figure 2 [image]. Retrieved from “The Half Sky.” (http:// halfthesky.org/en/news/journal/397).

  33. References Can Tossing or Rough Play Cause SBS/AHT? National Center on Shaken Baby Syndrome. Retrieved March 25, 2014. (http://www.dontshake.org/sbs.php? topNavID=3&subNavID=24). Deasley, Meredith. (2010). Figure 1 [image]. Retrieved from “The Resourceful Mother.” (http://theresourcefulmother.ca/2010/12/09/how-to-cure-ear- infections-naturally-and-quickly/) Disability Rights California. (2011). Figure 1 [image]. Retrieved from “Disability Rights California.” (http://www.disabilityrightsca.org/about/cap.html). Gosselin, Denise Kindschi. 2014. Heavy Hands: An Introduction to the Crimes of Intimate and Family Violence. New York: Pearson. Idaho Care Line. (n.d). Logo [image]. Retired from “Idaho Care Line.” (http://www. 211.idaho.gov/).

  34. References Isser, Natalie K., and Lita Linzer Schwartz. 2006. “Shaken baby syndrome.” The Journal of Psychiatry and Law. 34; 291-306. Joshi, Mohit. (2013). Figure 1 [image]. Retrieved from “Top News.in.” (http:// www.topnews.in/health/50pc-parents-frustrated-teenage-tantrums-217775). Lake County Ohio. (2014). Figure 1 [image]. Retrieved from “Lake County Ohio.” (http://www.lakecountyohio.gov/lcojfs/ChildrenAdultServices/ FosterCareAdoptionServices/MayisNationalFosterCareMonth.aspx). Lancon, John A., Duane F. Haines, and Andrew D. Parent. 1998. “Anatomy of the Shaken Baby Syndrome.” The New Anatomist. 253: 13-18 Lauridson, J. (2006). Figure 1 [image]. Retrieved from “Noshinrezaie.” (http:// noshinrezaie.wordpress.com/2012/11/21/shaken-baby-syndrome/). liberty Champion, 2011. “A story of despair: Shaken baby awareness.” liberty Champion. Retrieved March 25, 2014. (http://www.liberty.edu/champion/2011/04/a- story-of-despair-shaken-baby-awareness/).

  35. References Lloyd, Emma. (2011). Figure 1 [image]. Retrieved from “remedy’s health communities.” (http://www.healthcommunities.com/depression/ depression-helplines_bht.shtml) Mohney, Gillian. (2014). Pamela Rauseo [image]. Retrieved from “ABC News.” (http://abcnews.go.com/blogs/health/2014/03/06/babys-dramatic- resuscitation-on-miami-highway-was-key-to-diagnosis/). Offer Stone. (2013). Figure 1 [image]. Retrieved from “ Offer Stone.” (http:// www.offerstone.com/American-Monuments/ Infant_headstone_MG1526.html). Pappas, Stephanie. (2011). Crying Baby [image]. Retrieved from “Live Science.” (http:// www.livescience.com/9235-poor-formula-fussy-babies-solid-food-early.html). Pediatrics & Child Health, 2001. “Joint Statement on Shaken Baby Syndrome.” US National Library of Medicine National Institute of Health. Retrieved March 25, 2014. (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2805972/).

  36. References Preventing Shaken Baby Syndrome: A Guide for Health Departments and Community-Based Organizations. Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Retrieved March 25, 2014. (http://www.cdc.gov/concussion/pdf/ preventing_sbs_508-a.pdf). Raila, F. A. (1998). Figure 2 [image]. Retrieved from “Anatomy of the Shaken Baby Syndrome” PDF. Ross, Philip. (2014). Olivia Coats [image]. Retrieved from “International Business Tiems.” (http://www.ibtimes.com/olivia-coats-death-forceps-delivery- blamed- newborns-skull-being-crushed-texas-parents-file-suit). Siddons, Sarah. (2014). Figure 1 [image]. Retrieved from “How Stuff Works.” (http:// health.howstuffworks.com/skin-care/cleansing/basics/bubble-baths-good-for- skin.htm).

  37. References Smith, Ryan. (2011). Mom Tossing Baby into Air [image]. Retrieved from “Ryan Smith Photography. (http://www.myrtlebeachphotography.org/blog/2011/05/30/ work-from-the-last-couple-of-weeks/). Smith, T. (2011). After [image]. Retrieved from “A story of Despair: Shaken Baby Awareness.” (http://www.liberty.edu/champion/2011/04/a-story-of- despair-shaken-baby-awareness/). Smith, T. (2011). Before [image]. Retrieved from “A story of Despair: Shaken Baby Awareness.” (http://www.liberty.edu/champion/2011/04/a-story-of-despair- shaken-baby-awareness/). Talvik, Inga, Randell C. Alexander, and TiinaTalvik. 2008. “Shaken baby syndrome and a baby’s cry.” ActaPaediatrica.

  38. References Thaxton. (2013). Juliana age 3 [image]. Retrieved from “Julia Thaxton.” (http:// www.phillyburbs.com/juliana-thaxton/image_e60230a0-9f1d-52ae-b36f- a6309f411293.html?mode=jqm). The Child Abuse Prevention Center. “Shaken Baby Syndrome.” The Child Abuse Prevention Center. Retrieved March 25, 2014. (http:// www.thecapcenter.org/show_page.asp?page_id=1) Wide World Photos. (n.d.). Ashley Neisis [image]. Retrieved from “FAQS.” (http:// www.faqs.org/health/Sick-V1/Cerebral-Palsy-Treatment.html).

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