Today’s Objectives

1. Today’s Objectives • Define a digestive system and what it does • Identify parts of the digestive system and their functions • Difference between a Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant vs. Hind-gut Fermenter • Identify the difference indigestive systems between Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant vs. Hind-gut Fermenter • Identify parts of the digestive system in a Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant

2. Digestive System-What is it? • Consists of parts of the body involved in chewing and digesting food • Moves the digested feed through the animal’s body and absorbs the products of digestion

3. Parts of the digestive System • Mouth-where the food enters the animals body • Esophagus-tube like passage from the mouth to the stomach • Stomach-receives the feed and adds chemicals that help in the digestive process

4. Parts of the digestive system • Small Intestine- small tube that splits food molecules and absorbs nutrients • Large Intestine-larger in diameter and ends with the rectum • Rectum-end of GI tract, place where feces exits body

5. Digestive System Ruminant vs. Non-Ruminant vs. Hind-gut Fermenter

6. Digestion in Ruminants

7. What is a Ruminant? • Animals with more then one stomach • Chew their cud • Cows have 4 Compartment stomachs • Reticulum • Rumen • Omasum • Abomasum

8. Cattle Digestive System

9. Reticulum • Honeycomb lining • Collects hardware (nails, wires, etc.) • Stores, sorts, and moves feed back to the esophagus for regurgitation

10. Rumen • Papillae lining • Functions as a storage vat • Food is soaked, mixed, and fermented • Some breakdown of feed through microbial action • Absorption of some nutrients

11. Omasum • AKA: Many plies • Laminae lining (many folds) • Reduces particle size • Grinds Roughage • Absorption of water

12. Abomasum • Only “true” stomach • Feed is mixed with gastric juices • Decrease pH from 6 to 2.5 • Denatures protein • Kills bacteria and Pathogens • Dissolves minerals

13. Digestion in Non-Ruminants

14. Swine Digestive System

15. Non-Ruminants • Monogastric System • Has only one compartment to the stomach • Process goes through the • Esophagus • Stomach • Small intestine- duodenum, jejunum, ileum • Large intestine: cecum (appendix in humans), colon, rectum

16. Hind-gut Fermenter • Enlarged Cecum • Acts as a rumen in ruminants • Not as efficient as rumen • Roughage feeds are digested by bacterial action • Animal eats less, but more often than ruminants • Animal is able to utilize roughages unlike non-ruminants

18. How digestion works • Feed passes from mouth to esophagus then to stomach • Partly digested food leaves stomach enters into small intestine • Splitting of foods molecules and absorption of nutrients • Stomach empties contents into small intestine known as the duodenum-jejunum-ileum

19. How digestion works • Small intestine to Large intestine • Colon prevents material in large intestine from moving back to small intestine • Cecum-(blind gut) does little for most animals except horses-roughage feeds digested by bacterial action

20. How Digestion Works • Large Intestine-absorbs water and nutrients that is not absorbed by the small intestine • Material that is not digested and absorbed in small intestine passes to large intestine • Adds mucus to enable the material to pass through easily • Empties into the rectum

21. In Conclusion • Ruminants and Non-Ruminants have different digestive systems • Why is the digestive system important? • How many stomachs does a Ruminant have? Non-Ruminant? • What makes a Horse different then other animals? • Category