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Farmer First Revisited 12 – 14 December 2007 at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK Presentation, Theme 2b, The Future of Extension Discussant: Rob Tripp (ODI). WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF EXTENSION?. Qi Gubo. Farmer centred research in China
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Farmer First Revisited 12 – 14 December 2007 at the Institute of Development Studies, Brighton, UK Presentation, Theme 2b, The Future of Extension Discussant: Rob Tripp (ODI)
WHAT IS THE FUTURE OF EXTENSION? • Qi Gubo. Farmer centred research in China • Amanuel Asefa. Farmer-led innovation in Ethiopia • Paul Van Mele. Role of IARCs in strengthening extension • Hlamalani Ngwenya and Jurgen Hagmann. Facilitation for change in South Africa • Richard Ewbank et al. Farmer participatory research in northern Tanzania • Niels Rolling and Janice Jiggins. Trans-disciplinary science and resource-poor farmers • Ahmad Salahuddin. Values in agricultural research and development • Yunita Winarto. Farmer field schools in Indonesia
Some Definitions for a Discussion of Extension • Public extension. Centralized, deconcentrated, devolved, or delegated. • Private extension (strict definition) • NGOs (need to distinguish various types) • Farmer organizations (ditto) • Farmer-to-farmer (strict definition)
An Approach to the Discussion The role of institutions Useful to distinguish three themes: • The organization of the extension provider • The techniques and methods used for extension • The organization of the extension users
1. The Organization of the Providers • Incentives. Accountability and evaluation • Scale. How to move beyond small projects; the role of government; “scaling up” • Multiple extension sources. The appropriate mix; can you have too many? • Links to research
2. Methods and Techniques • Nuts and bolts. Experience of this workshop • Need to ask which methods for which types of extension provision, and for what types of recipients • How to evaluate these methods and learn from experience
3. The Organization of the Recipients Not (necessarily) about formal farmer organizations. Rather issues such as: • How to establish demand-led systems; empowerment, choice • Feedback and iteration. (If extension is like a conversation) • Modalities in rural organization that can accommodate small, ephemeral groups and projects • Clearinghouses for information from different sources