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Water in Emergencies. Session 7 Medium Term Water Responses. Medium Term Responses. When immediate needs are met develop medium term responses More participation / user engagement Improve water quality – bulk or household treatment Easier to sustain for medium term
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Water in Emergencies Session 7 Medium Term Water Responses W7
Medium Term Responses • When immediate needs are met develop medium term responses • More participation / user engagement • Improve water quality – bulk or household treatment • Easier to sustain for medium term • Reduce recurrent costs W7
Spring Water – by Gravity or Pumping Rehabilitate / protect Extend pipelines Protect new Agree with existing users Check with landowner Spring being used to supply a refugee camp in Uvira, Zaire S House / WEDC W7
Rehabilitating, Improving or Constructing New Shallow Wells Ethiopia S House / WEDC Liberia S House / ACF Uganda S House / MSF-OCBA W7
Boreholes – Medium Depth or Deep Groundwater Mechanical Pumping Schemes: Expensive O&M Permission for drilling Potential impacts Ethiopia S House / WEDC W7
Improving Bulk Water Treatment – Coagulation & Flocculation O&M requirements REDR / OXFAM W7
Using Private Sources or Services S House AAH-US Small water sellers – take water from both private and community managed water tanks in Mandera, Northern Kenya Private traditional shallow well, Ethiopia S House / WEDC W7
Exercise – Compare Advantages & Disadvantages for Emergency Contexts • Bottled water • Water from open stream supplied by tanker • Water pumped directly from a lake to tanks which directly feed tapstands • Existing shallow wells disinfected with chlorine • New shallow borehole and handpump • Spring supply fed by gravity pipeline W7