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Introduction to HTML: Understanding the Internet, World Wide Web, and HTML

Learn about the Internet, World Wide Web, and Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) in this introductory project. Explore key terms, web development standards, web browsers, HTML coding practices, and different versions of HTML.

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Introduction to HTML: Understanding the Internet, World Wide Web, and HTML

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  1. Chapter 1 Introduction to HTML Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  2. Project Objectives • Describe the Internet and its associated key terms • Describe the World Wide Web and its associated key terms • Identify the types and purposes of Web sites • Discuss Web browsers and identify their purpose Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  3. Project Objectives • Define Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) and the standards used for Web development • Discuss the use of Cascading Style Sheetsin Web development • Define Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language (DHTML) and describe its relationship to HTML • Define Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) and describe its relationship to HTML Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  4. Project Objectives • Describe tools used to create HTML documents • Discuss the five phases of the Web development life cycle • Describe Web site design and the purpose of each Web site structure • Describe the importance of testing throughout the Web development life cycle Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  5. What Is the Internet? • The Internetis a worldwide collection of computer networks that links millions of computers used by businesses, the government, educational institutions, organizations, and individuals using modems, telephone lines, television cables, and other communications devices and media • A networkis a group of two or more computers that are connected together to share resources and information • The Internet backboneis a collection of high-speed data lines that connect major computer systems located around the world • An Internet Service Provider(ISP) is a company that has a permanent connection to the Internet backbone Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  6. What Is the Internet? Project 1: Introduction to HTML Chapter 1: Introduction to HTML 6

  7. What Is the World Wide Web? More on Web • The World Wide Web, also called the Web, is the part of the Internet that supports multimedia and consists of a collection of linked documents • Hypertext Transfer Protocol(HTTP) is a set of rules for exchanging text, graphics, sound, and other multimedia files • Web pagesare pages of information on the Web • A Web siteis a related collection of Web pages • A home pageis the first document users see when they access a Web site Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  8. What Is the World Wide Web? Project 1: Introduction to HTML Chapter 1: Introduction to HTML 8

  9. Web Servers • Web pagesare stored on a Web server, or host, which is a computer that stores and sends (serves) requested Web pages and other files • Publishingis copying Web pages and other files to a Web server • After the page is published available for viewing by anyone in the world on the Web Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  10. Web Site Types and Purposes More on Web • Electronic commerce(e-commerce) is the buying and selling of goods and services on the Internet Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  11. Web Browsers • A Web browser, also called a browser, is a program that interprets and displays Web pages and enables you to view and interact with a Web page • Microsoft Internet Explorerand Mozilla Firefox • A Uniform Resource Locator(URL) is the address of a document or other file accessible on the Internet • http://www.scsite.com/html4e/index.htm • A hyperlink, also called a link, is an element used to connect one Web page to another Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  12. Web Browsers Menu barwith links URL inAddress bar Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  13. What Is Hypertext Markup Language? • Web pages are created using Hypertext Markup Language(HTML), which is the authoring language used to create documents on the World Wide Web • HTMLuses a set of special instructions called tags or markup to define the structure and layout of a Web document and specify how the page is displayed in a browser • HTML is platform independent, meaning you can create, or code, an HTML file on one type of computer and then use a browser on another type of computer to view that file as a Web page Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  14. DOCTYPE tag Start HTML tag Strong start tag Horizontal rule tag Paragraph start tag Bold (strong) text End </html> tagindicates end ofHTML file Horizontal rule Paragraph break Paragraph text Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  15. HTML Elements Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  16. HTML Coding Practices • Separate sections of HTML code with spaces • Gives an immediate view of the sections of code that relate to one another • HTML browsers ignore spaces • Spaces inserted within code will not appear on the Web page Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  17. Blank lines willnot be displayedin browser Section of code for table Section of code for bulleted list Start paragraph End paragraph Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  18. HTML Versions More on Web • HTMLhas gone through several versions, each of which expands the capabilities of HTML • The most recent version of HTML is HTML 4.01 • Most browsers still support previousHTML versions 3.2 and 2.0 • W3Cmaintains HTML standards or specifications Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  19. Cascading Style Sheets • With Cascading Style Sheets(CSS), you write code that allows you to control an element within a single Web page or throughout the entire Web site • Recommended for large Web sites • Example changing a headline style in a Web site containing hundreds of pages easier to do using CSS instead of recoding individual headline links Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  20. Cascading Style Sheets h1,h2,h3 { font-family: "lucida calligraphy", arial, 'sans serif'; } p,table,li,{font-family: "lucida calligraphy", arial, 'sans serif'; margin-left: 10pt; } Body { background-color:#fffaf0; } p,li,th,td{font-size: 75%; } h1,h2,h3,hr {color:#483d8b;} table {border-style:outset} li {list-style: square;) Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  21. Dynamic HTML (DHTML) • Dynamic HTML(DHTML) describes a combination of HTML tags, CSS, and a scripting language such as JavaScript • DHTMLallows users to create interactive, animated Web pages Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  22. Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) • Extensible Markup Language(XML) is a markup language that uses tags to describe the structure and content of a document, not the format • Common data format used to transmitdata across the internet • Extensible Hypertext Markup Language(XHTML) is a reformulation of HTML so it conforms to Extensible Markup Language (XML) rules Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  23. Extensible Markup Language More on Web <?xml version="1.0" ?> - <productlist> - <product>   <code>978-979-53-00</code>   <name>Waterford Crystal Business Card Holder</name>   <price>59.00</price>   <category>Waterford</category>   <image>529.gif</image>   <rating>3</rating>   </product> - <product>   <code>0911</code>   <name>Belleek Colleen Vase</name>   <price>34.00</price>   <category>Belleek</category>   <image>566.gif</image>   <rating>2</rating>   </product> - <product>   <code>0090</code>   <name>Cashill Clock by Belleek</name>   <price>110.00</price>   <category>Belleek</category>   <image>555.gif</image>   <rating>4</rating>   </product>   </productlist> Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  24. Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) Project 1: Introduction to HTML Chapter 1: Introduction to HTML 24

  25. Tools for Creating HTML Documents More on Web • A text editoris a program that allows a user to enter, change, save, and print text, such as HTML • An HTML editor is a program that provides basic text-editing functions, as well as more advanced features, such as color-coding for various HTML tags, menus to insertHTML tags, and spell checkers • An HTML object editor, such as Adobe GoLive, provides the additionalfunctionality of an outline editor that allows you to expand and collapseHTMLobjects and properties, editparameters, and viewgraphics attached to the expanded objects • A WYSIWYG editoris a program that provides a graphical user interface that allows a developer to preview the Web page during its development Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  26. Tools for Creating HTML Documents Start italics tag End italics tag Text will be displayed in italicson Web page Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  27. Web Development Life Cycle Project 1: Introduction to HTML Chapter 1: Introduction to HTML 27

  28. Web Development Life Cycle Project 1: Introduction to HTML Chapter 1: Introduction to HTML 28

  29. Web Site Design and Development Project 1: Introduction to HTML Chapter 1: Introduction to HTML 29

  30. Web Site Design and Development • A linear Web sitestructure connects Web pages in a straight line Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  31. Web Site Design and Development • A hierarchical Web sitestructure connects Web pages in a tree-like structure Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  32. Web Site Design and Development More on Web • A webbed Web sitestructure has no set organization Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  33. Web Site Design and Development • A broad Web site is one in which the home page is the main index page, and all other Web pages are linked individually to the home page Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  34. Web Site Design and Development More on Web • A deep Web site is one that has many levels of pages, requiring the user to click many times to reach a particular Web page Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  35. Web Site Testing(basic steps testing content and functionality) • Proofreadingcontent and page titles for spelling • Checking links are not broken • Checking graphics appear properly • Ensure accessibility, internationalization addressed • Testing forms and other interactive elements • Testing pages make sure they load quickly • Printing each page see how they look • Review HTMLcode to meet W3C standards Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  36. Web Site Testing • Usability is the measure of how well a product, such as a Web site, allows a user to accomplish his or her goals • Usability testing is a method by which users of a Web site or other product are asked to perform certain tasks in an effort to measure the product’s ease-of-use and the user’s perception of the experience Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  37. Web Site Testing More on Web Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  38. Project Summary • Describe the Internet and its associated key terms • Describe the World Wide Web and its associated key terms • Identify the types and purposes of Web sites • Discuss Web browsers and identify their purpose Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  39. Project Summary • Define Hypertext Markup Language(HTML) and the standards used for Web development • Discuss the use of Cascading Style Sheetsin Web development • Define Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language(DHTML) and describe its relationship to HTML • Define Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) and describe its relationship to HTML Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  40. Project Summary • Describe tools used to createHTMLdocuments • Discuss the five phases of the Web development life cycle • Describe Web site design and the purpose of each Web site structure • Describe the importance of testing throughout the Web development life cycle Project 1: Introduction to HTML

  41. Chapter 1 Complete Introduction to HTML Project 1: Introduction to HTML

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