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Fire Prevention

The presentation to aid the Lecture on FIRE PREVENTION as a part of the course OME754 INDUSTRIAL SAFETY handled by Prof.Rathnavel Ponnuswami for Akshaya College of Engineering and Technology

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Fire Prevention

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  1. FIRE PREVENTION

  2. IN THIS CLASS • FIRE PREVENTION BASICS Fire TriangleFire Detection & WarningFire Escape & FightingFire Prevention in Industries • FIRE PREVENTION IN INDIA Fire ServicesLegislationsStandards

  3. DO WE REMEMBER? ENTHIRANMERSALMANKATHADARBARAVVAI SHANMUGIMICHAEL MATHANA KAMARAJAN RENDUKO

  4. DO WE REMEMBER? DABWALI, 1995 DELHI, 1997 ODISHA, 1997 KUMBAKONAM, 2004 MEERUT, 2006 PUTTINGAL, 2016 SURAT, 2019

  5. FIRE • One among the 4 Elements (Greek) • One among the 5 Essential Elements (India) • First Invention of Humans • Provides Light & Heat • Oxidation of a Material in combustion releasing heat, light & other products • Spreads Fast, Super Hot, Toxic Gases, Lack of Oxygen

  6. FIRE PREVENTION • Fire Triangle FUEL HEAT OXYGEN

  7. HEAT • Heat can be generated by work processes and is an essential part of some processes such as casting, joining etc. • This heat must be controlled and kept away from fuel unless carefully controlled. • Heat generated as a by-product of a process must be dealt with properly. 

  8. HEAT • Plant & Equipments • Hot Working Places • Electrical Areas • Arson • Smoking • Cooking

  9. HEAT PREVENTION • Ensure employees are aware of their responsibility to report dangers • Control sources of ignition • Ensure all work equipment protects against catching fire or overheating • Ensure proper housekeeping that prevents overheating • Have chimneys inspected and cleaned regularly • Use the Electricity & Machine Thermal Safety guidelines • Ensure No Smoking • Establish hot work permit system

  10. OXYGEN Oxygen gas is used • in welding, flame cutting and other similar processes • for helping people with breathing difficulties • in hyperbaric chambers as a medical treatment • in decompression chambers • for food preservation and packaging • in steelworks and chemical plants

  11. OXYGEN The main causes of fires and explosions when using oxygen are oxygen enrichment from leaking equipment use of materials not compatible with oxygen use of oxygen in equipment not designed for oxygen service incorrect or careless operation of oxygen equipment

  12. OXYGEN SAFEGUARDS • Oxygen should never be used to sweeten the air in a confined space • Where oxygen is used, ensure full safety measurers • Prevent oxygen enrichment by ensuring that equipment is leak-tight and in good working order • Check that ventilation is adequate • Always use oxygen cylinders and equipment carefully and correctly • Always open oxygen cylinder valves slowly • Do not smoke where oxygen is being used • Never use replacement parts which have not been specifically approved for oxygen service • Never use oxygen equipment above the pressures certified by the manufacturer • Never use oil or grease to lubricate oxygen equipment • Never use oxygen in equipment which is not designed for oxygen service

  13. FUEL • Fuel consists of flammable material, a material that burns readily in a normal atmosphere. • Flammable materials include flammable liquids (e.g. petrol, kerosene), flammable gasses (e.g. propane and butane) and flammable solids (e.g. charcoal, paper). • It is important to identify all flammable materials that are in your workplace so that proper controls can be put in place.

  14. FUEL SAFETY • Identify all flammable materials so that proper controls can be put in place • Reduce quantities of flammable materials to the smallest amount necessary for running the business and keep away from escape routes • Replace highly flammable materials with less flammable ones • Store remaining stocks of highly flammable materials properly outside, in a separate building, or separated from the main workplace by fire-resisting construction

  15. FUEL SAFETY Provide clearly marked separate storage for flammable chemicals, gas cylinders, and waste materials Containers of Storage of Flammable Materials should be chosen & maintained properly Train employees on safe storage, handling and use of flammable materials Proper cleaning, house keeping, safety instructions

  16. FIRE DETECTION AND WARNING Fire Detectors (Smoke Detectors) effective, reliable automatic fire detection system, linked to an effective fire warning system Fire Warning (Fire Alarm Sounder) electrically operated fire warning system with sufficient sounders for the warning to be clearly heard throughout the workplace The sound used as a fire warning should be distinct from other sounds in the workplaceIt may also be necessary to install a visual alarm such as a distinctive flashing or rotating light Maintenance & Testing of Equipments

  17. FIRE ESCAPE & FIGHTING Means of Escape Evacuation Fire Fighting Equipment Safety Instructions Training

  18. FIRE PREVENTION/PRECAUTION IN INDUSTRIES Common Causes Leakages of Flammable MaterialsElectrical causesOverheated surface/equipmentWelding/Cutting related workChemical ReactionsFrictional HeatCombustion SparksSmoking

  19. FIRE PREVENTION/PRECAUTION IN INDUSTRIES Prevention Measures Proper HousekeepingSeparation of flammable materialsProper Storage of flammable materialsPrevention of LeaksWork Permit InstructionsProper Electrical Works & SafetyProper Lubrication of Surface/EquipmentTraining & Safety Instructions

  20. FIRE PREVENTION IN INDIA FIRE SERVICES CIVIL DEFENCEMINISTRY OF HOME AFFAIRS

  21. FIRE LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA Part 4 of the National Building Code (NBC) of India, 2016 titled 'Fire and Life Safety‘ Enforcement either by State Home Ministry Department or by Local Bodies

  22. FIRE SAFETY STANDARDS International StandardsISO 23932Indian StandardsIS 9668 : 1990 – Code of Practice for Provision & Maintenance of Water Supply & Fire FightingIS 5896 : 2007 - Code of practice for selection, operation and maintenance of fire fighting appliances

  23. DID YOU CATCH IT LIKE FIRE? • Fire Prevention Triangle • Fire Precautions in Industries • Fire Legislations and Standards for Industries

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