1 / 14

Hybrid Orbitals

Hybrid Orbitals. Sigma Bond ( σ). Covalent bond which the electron density is concentrated symmetrically along the internuclear axis Line joining the two nuclei passes through middle of overlap Could be two s orbitals overlap, two p orbitals overlap or an s and p overlap. Pi Bond ( π).

redford
Download Presentation

Hybrid Orbitals

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Hybrid Orbitals

  2. Sigma Bond (σ) • Covalent bond which the electron density is concentrated symmetrically along the internuclear axis • Line joining the two nuclei passes through middle of overlap • Could be two s orbitals overlap, two p orbitals overlap or an s and p overlap

  3. Pi Bond (π) • Overlap of orbital is perpendicular to line connecting nuclei • Two p orbitals overlapping • Since not a total overlap pi bonds tend to be weaker than sigma

  4. Bond Types • Single bonds are always sigma • Double bonds consist of a sigma and a pi bond • Triple bonds, sigma and two pi

  5. Hybrid Orbitals • Mixing of s and p orbitals creates hybrid orbitals • CH4 has four bonds coming from central atom • Each bond is formed by overlap of an sp hybrid orbital

  6. Types of Hybrids • sp3 hybrid – one s and three p orbital joined • sp2 hybrid – one s and two p orbitals • sp hybrid – one s and one p orbital • Hybrid orbital type accounts for observed geometry

  7. Unshared Pairs • Unshared pairs can occupy hybrid orbital • NH3 • H2O

  8. Predicting Hybrid Orbitals • Draw structure • Determine electron pair geometry • Specify hybrid orbitals needed to accommodate the electron pairs

  9. Examples • What type of hybrid orbitals in • BeH2 • BF3 • NH2- • SF4

More Related