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DNA Sequencing. Sanger Di-deoxy method of Sequencing Manual versus Automatic Sequencing. Sequencing of DNA. Requires DNA amplification Labeling of DNA fragments Termination of extension Separation of fragments Detection of fragments. The Reaction Mixture. ddNTP (one) 5’-labeled primer
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DNA Sequencing Sanger Di-deoxy method of Sequencing Manual versus Automatic Sequencing
Sequencing of DNA • Requires DNA amplification • Labeling of DNA fragments • Termination of extension • Separation of fragments • Detection of fragments
The Reaction Mixture • ddNTP (one) • 5’-labeled primer • ATP, TTP, CTP, GTP • Terminated fragments • Followed by autoradiogram
Dideoxy key point! • Sanger Method dideoxynucleotides: lack a 3’ OH • But have the 2’ and 3’ have hydrogen • NO DNA EXTENSION
DNA PCR amplification is performed prior to gel electrophoresis Notice the reaction of this “one” reaction mixture!
ddGTP ddATP ddTTP ddCTP Orange Black Red Blue Example of Label the ddNTPs
Automated Sequencing • Efficient • Does not require radioactivity
The End • Onto DNA Mutations