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Alkanoic acids and Esters

Alkanoic acids and Esters. Intermediate 2 Chemistry Unit 2(b)(c). Examples. Examples. Examples. -COOH. Functional group. The carboxyl group. Naming. As with other organic molecules, except ending is –anoic acid. Reactions. React with alkanols to produce esters. +. +. ESTER.

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Alkanoic acids and Esters

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  1. Alkanoic acids and Esters Intermediate 2 Chemistry Unit 2(b)(c)

  2. Examples

  3. Examples

  4. Examples

  5. -COOH Functional group The carboxyl group

  6. Naming • As with other organic molecules, except ending is –anoic acid.

  7. Reactions • React with alkanols to produce esters.

  8. + + ESTER

  9. Ester+ Water Producing esters • Because water is produced, this is called a condensation reaction. Alkanol + Alkanoic acid

  10. + CH3CH2CH2OH + HOOCCH2CH3 CH3CH2CH2OOCCH2CH3 Specific example + • The –OH is removed from the ACID • The –H is removed from the ALCOHOL Using SSF: • The C with H atoms attached is from the alcohol • The C without H atoms attached is from the acid

  11. Use structural formulae to illustrate the reaction of: • Methanol with butanoic acid; • Propanoic acid with ethanol.

  12. Naming esters • 1st part of name comes from the alkanol • e.g. methanol produces methyl-, ethanol produces ethyl- etc... • 2nd part of name comes from alkanoic acid • e.g. methanoic acid produces –methanoate, ethanoic acid produces –ethanoate etc...

  13. Practice • Name the esters produced from... • Butanol and pentanoic acid • Heptanoic acid and ethanol • Name the alkanols and alkanoic acids used to produce... • Pentyl butanoate • Methyl octanoate

  14. Ester+ Water The reverse reaction • The formation of esters is a reversible reaction. • This means that an alkanol and alkanoic acid can be produced from an ester. Alkanol + Alkanoic acid This breakdown using water is called a “hydrolysis” reaction.

  15. Ethanoic acid Ethanol CH3COOCH2CH2CH3 CH3COOH CH3CH2CH2OH Ethanoic acid Propan –1- ol

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