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Key Layers

Key Layers. (Starting from the surface). “Crust”. -the outermost layer of the planet -average thickness ……30km -at its deepest, temperatures can reach 870 ° C -made from solid rock. 2 types of crust.

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Key Layers

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  1. Key Layers (Starting from the surface) “Crust” -the outermost layer of the planet -average thickness ……30km -at its deepest, temperatures can reach 870°C -made from solid rock 2 types of crust Oceanic crust - under oceans (sea floor). Made mostly of Basalt rock which is dark and dense. Thinnest layer of crust. Continental crust - makes up land (continents). Made mostly of Granite which is less dense than basalt. Thicker than oceanic.

  2. “Mantle” • Layer of hot rock beneath the crust • -Averages 870°C • -Spans a depth of around 40km down • to about 2,900km • -divided into an “upper” and “lower” mantle UPPER MANTLE Contains the LITHOSPHERE and ASTHENOSPHERE LOWER MANTLE Largest portion of the mantle, made from solid material (elements and minerals). *Lithosphere- A thin layer of rigid rock. Transition zone between the lower crust and upper mantle *Asthenosphere – Directly under the lithosphere. Partially molten rock.

  3. “Core” • - Center portion of the earth • Roughly the size of our moon • Contains all of the heaviest (densest) elements (they sunk), mostly nickel and iron • Divided into a “Outer” core and an “Inner” core OUTER CORE 2,900 KM TO 5,150 KM DEPTH 2,200°C LIQUID METAL SQIRLES AROUND THE INNER CORE INNER CORE 5,150 KM TO 6,371 KM DEPTH 5,000 – 5,500°C SOLID, DENSE METAL *Interesting fact: The movement in the core between the liquid and solid metal parts is what causes the Earth’s magnetic field.

  4. As we travel down: Temperature – after 20 meters depth, It gets about 1° hotter every 40 meters. Pressure – the deeper you go the higher the pressure. Pressure at the core is 1 million times greater than the air pressure at sea level. *Transition zones - describe the areas bordering two layers that take on characteristics of each.

  5. TASK: “Create your own diagram showing the different layers of the Earth” Grading / Requirements: ___________________________________________________ 5pts. Show at least 5 main layers 5pts. Show the proper order of the layers as well as thicknesses relative to one another 5pts. Properly label all layers 5pts. Include an appropriate amount of information covered in the text (Include temperatures, depths and materials) 5pts. End product should be neat and organized 5pts. Work should reflect appropriate use of class time Total available points: 30

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