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Origins, nature and impact of détente . Understanding “what”?. Détente: “term used to refer to the easing of tensions between east and west from the late 1960s to the late 1970s”. Understanding “why”? Overview. THE SPECIFIC DESIRES OF THE UNITED STATES. THE SPECIFIC DESIRES OF
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Understanding “what”? • Détente: “term used to refer to the easing of tensions between east and west from the late 1960s to the late 1970s”
Understanding “why”?Overview THE SPECIFIC DESIRES OF THE UNITED STATES THE SPECIFIC DESIRES OF THE SOVIET UNION/ CHINA WHY DÉTENTE? FACTORS WHICH MADE DÉTENTE POSSIBLE MUTUAL UNITED STATES AND SOVIET DESIRES
US Motives • Nixon and Vietnam • Kissinger and linkage • Economics • Domestic issues
Soviet motives • Economics • Technology • Food • Sino-Soviet split
International situation • The ultimate fear • Fallout of Cuba • Yalta/ Berlin/ Europe was now quiet • Europe’s desire • Ostpolitik • Nuclear parity
The achievements of détente Summit meetings: Nixon and Brezhnev 1972, 1974 (Moscow) 1973 (Washington) Ford and Brezhnev 1975 (Vladivostok); Carter and Brezhnev 1979 (Vienna) • The opening up • of China • - Nixon’s visit ‘72 • Joined the UN ’72 • US-China full • Diplomatic relations • In 1979 • Arms agreements: • SALT 1: 1972 • SALT 2: 1979 • Basic Principles: 1973 • Agreement on • Prevention Nuclear • War: 1973 DÉTENTE LEAD TO Helsinki agreement 1975 Willy Brandt’s “Ostpolitik” The opening up Of China Apollo-Soyuz Space Mission 1975
Things did not always go well…Linebacker II and the Yom Kippur War
The collapse of détente: overview Soviets got far more from détente than the US Détente equated with US weakness Soviet invasion of Afghanistan The American angle Collapse: Why? Overview The Soviet angle Soviet resentment of President Carter Internal Soviet political and economic issues