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Chapter 5 Coelenterata

Chapter 5 Coelenterata. 浮游水母类的一般形态、分类、 生物学与经济意义. General features. two primary lays: outer ectoderm and inner endoderm radial symmetry Class Hydromedusae Class Scyphomedusae. §5.1 Morphology Hydromedusae. External features. Form : polypoid and medusoid

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Chapter 5 Coelenterata

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  1. Chapter 5 Coelenterata 浮游水母类的一般形态、分类、 生物学与经济意义

  2. General features • two primary lays: outer ectoderm and inner endoderm • radial symmetry Class Hydromedusae Class Scyphomedusae

  3. §5.1 MorphologyHydromedusae

  4. External features • Form:polypoid and medusoid • Morphology • umbrella: exumbrella and subumbrella • Velum and pseudovelum • Manubrium and mouth lips • Tenacle: marginal and oral tentacles • Nematocyst: • morphology: operculum, capsule and thread • classification

  5. Internal features • Gastrovascular System: gastrovascular-cavity • Muscular System:radial and circular fibers • Nervous and Sensory Cell: • nerve net • ganglion cell • neurosecretory cell

  6. √Sensory Organ • pigment cell • statocyst: • open marginal vesicle • closed marginal vesicle • free marginal sensoty club • enclosed marginal sensoty club • Reproduction: • dioecious,gonads situated on the radial canals or inside stomach

  7. §5.2 Class Hydromedusae

  8. Hydromedusae • >2000 species,6 orders: • velum • presence or absence ocelli and statocysts • position of gonads • type of life cycle

  9. (一) Order Anthomedusae • 本目有22科,介绍常见4个科。 • 1、Family Tubulariidae • Euphysora • 2、Family Bougainvilliidae • Koellikerina • 3、Fmaily Velellidae:one genus,one species • 4、Family Randeidae • Leuckartiara厦门隔膜水母

  10. (二) Order Leptomedusae • 本目12科,我国记录9科,介绍常见4科。 • 1、Family Campanulariidae: • Phialidium: P. chengshanense • Obelia • 2、Family Eirenidae: • Eirene • 3、Family Eutimidae • Eutima • 4、Family Aequoreidae • Aequorea

  11. 本目共4科。 Family Moerisiidae Tiaricodon (三) Order Limnomedusae

  12. (四) Order Trachymedusae: • Family Geryoniidae: Liriop: L. tetraphylla • Family Rhopalonematidae Aglaura: A. hemistoma

  13. (五) Order Narcomedusae • Family Aeginidae: • Solmundella bitentaculata • Aegina citrea

  14. (六) Order Siphonophora • Specialized group of medusae with polymorphic colony

  15. Morphology of Siphonophora • Modified medusoid and polypoid inviduals: • Polypoid zooids: • gastrozooids; • dactylozooids; • gonozooids; • Medusoid forms: • nectophore; • pneumatophore; • gonophore; • bract;

  16. Classification of Siphonophora: • Suborder Disconanthae :Family Porpitidae • Suborder Cystonectae:Family Physaliidae: • Suborfer Physonectae:Family Agalmidae Agalma elegans • Suborder Calysophorae :Family Diphyidae • Diphyes • Muggiaea

  17. §5.3 Class Scyphomedusae 一、Morphology

  18. (一) 外部形态 • Lappet • Sense Organs: rhopalium, ocelli • Oral arms: • 附属物:感觉功能。 • 生殖下穴: • Marginal Tentacles:solid or hollow

  19. (二) 内部形态: • Digest system; • Gastrovascular system: • Nervous system and sense organs: • Reproduction:diovcious

  20. 二、Clasification

  21. 1 Key to Class Scyphomedusae 1 Cubical umbrella form.................................Cubomedusae Umbrella not cubical form...........……….........……...…..2 2 Exumbrella with a circular, coronal furrow....Coronatae Exumbrella without a furrow.........…........……………...3 3 Oral arms free.............................................Semaeostomeae Oral arms fused.............................................Rhizostomeae

  22. §5.4 Biology and Significance

  23. Biology

  24. (一)Distribution • Cold water species: Cyanea capillata • Warm water species: Aglaura hemistoma,Velella velella, Porpita porpita, Physalia physalia etc. • Coastal species: many species of Anthomedusae, Leptomedusae, Limnomedusae, Semaeostomeae and Rhizostomeae

  25. (二) Feeding habits

  26. (三) Reproduction • dioecious without sexual dimorphism • 1 sexual cells; • 2 fertilization; • 3 development;

  27. (四) Life cycle: • Alternation of generations: • zygote → blastula → planular larva → attachment → hydranth • Without alternation of generations:

  28. Significance • Beneficial • Fisheries • Medical use • Harmful

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