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Carbohydrates

Learn about essential carbohydrates like disaccharides (maltose, lactose, sucrose) and polysaccharides (starch, glycogen, cellulose). Explore their structures, bonds, and functions in biological systems.

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Carbohydrates

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  1. Carbohydrates Disaccharides Polysaccharides

  2. Important Disaccharides • Maltose = Glucose + Glucose • Lactose = Glucose + Galactose • Sucrose = Glucose + Fructose

  3. Maltose   -1,4-glycosidic bond - D-Maltose

  4. Lactose  -1,4-glycosidic bond α-D-Lactose 

  5. Sucrose α, -1,2- glycosidic bond

  6. Learning Check C4 Identify the monosaccharides in each of the following: A. lactose (1) glucose (2) fructose (3) galactose B. maltose (1) glucose (2) fructose (3) galactose C. sucrose (1) glucose (2) fructose (3) galactose

  7. Solution C4 A. lactose (1) glucose and (3) galactose B. maltose (1) glucose and (1) glucose C. sucrose (1) glucose and (2) fructose

  8. Polysaccharides • Starch Amylose Amylopectin • Glycogen • Cellulose

  9. Polysaccharides • Polymers of D-Glucose

  10. Amylose Polymer with α-1,4 bonds α-1,4 bonds

  11. Amylopectin Polymer with α-1,4 and α-1,6 bonds branches α-1,6 bond α-1,4 bonds

  12. Cellulose Polymer with ß-1,4 bonds ß-1,4 bonds

  13. Learning Check C5 Identify the polysaccharide in each as: • starch 2) glycogen 3) cellulose A. B. C.

  14. Solution C5 3) cellulose 1) starch 2) glycogen

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