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Ghost Dance Great Basin Chronology. Circle dances, men and women (traditional) Tavibo—Paiute Prophet (1870s) Wovoka—Paiute, begins the Ghost Dance (Jan. 1889). Wovoka. Elements of the Ghost Dance. Syncratism (blending of traditions from dominant culture with traditional beliefs)
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Ghost DanceGreat Basin Chronology Circle dances, men and women (traditional) Tavibo—Paiute Prophet (1870s) Wovoka—Paiute, begins the Ghost Dance (Jan. 1889) Wovoka
Elements of the Ghost Dance • Syncratism (blending of traditions from dominant culture with traditional beliefs) • Revitalization (backward-looking, rebuilding) Great Basin elements: Circle, 2 sexes Uto-Aztecan: layered world Christian: God, Jesus, 2nd Coming
Ghost Dance among the Lakota Kicking Bear
Transition to fit Plains Culture Immunity to bullets, return of the bison, parallels to sun dance (central pole, visions quest)
Lakota Ghost Dance Chronology • June 1890 Kicking bear brings GD to reservation • July-Aug. 1890 GD gatherings reach 3,000 • Nov. 1890 Sitting Bull murdered • Dec. 29, 1890 Wounded Knee WHY???
Ghost Dance, Southern Plains John Moon-Head Wilson, Caddo
Survival/Legacy of the Ghost Dance • Bole Maru Religion, Pomo (California) (1880s-present) • Warm House Dance (NW Coast) (1880s-1940s) • PanIndian movements • Native American Church (1890s-present)
Native American Church Quannah Parker