Literary Devices

1. Literary Devices English 8

2. Pre-Reading • Edgar Allen Poe AOW • Web Quest

3. Edgar Allen Poe: His Life Revealed in His Work • Read Annabel Lee aloud at least twice • Answer questions #1-9 • Homework-fallacious reasoning

4. What are you afraid of? Why? Describe five things that you usually find in a scary/horror story.

5. Read the following statements. If you agree with them, put a check in the YOU column. Then, AFTER we read the story, go back and put a check in the AUTHOR column if you feel the author agrees with that statement. • YOU AUTHOR STATEMENT ____ ________ 1. People who are insane know that they are insane. ____ ________ 2. Sane people sometimes imagine that they hear things. ____ ________ 3. If you commit a crime, the worst punishment is the guilt afterward. ____ ________ 4. Often it’s the small annoying things about people that can be the most irritating and infuriating. ____ ________ 5. All people are basically afraid of the same things. ____ ________ 6. When you’ve done something wrong, wondering if you’ll be caught can cause great stress and anxiety.

6. The Tell-Tale Heart pg. 353 What is an unreliable narrator? A narrator who can’t be trusted Write down the three types of irony • Verbal irony-we say just the opposite of what we mean • Situational irony-what happens is different from what we expect • Dramatic irony-we know something a character doesn’t know Review vocabulary Read the story and complete the and irony chart

7. Comprehension Questions 1. Who is telling this story (narrating)? Is it first, second, or third person? 2. What is your first impression of the narrator? What does he try convincing the reader of? 3. How does the narrator feel about the old man in general? What specifically is it about the old man that troubles/bothers the narrator? Why? How often does the narrator mention this “thing” in the story? 4. What does the narrator tell us he does every night? Why? 5. How does the narrator feel immediately after he commits the murder? Do his feelings change? If so, how and why? • What does he do with the body? 7. What sound drives him to confess to the crime? What do you think causes his paranoia? 8. Is the narrator reliable? Why or why not?

8. Irony T chart Review the three types of irony. Find direct examples of each in this story. Example-Why is it ironic that the old man feared robbers?

9. Suspense Suspense is a state or feeling of excited or anxious uncertainty about what may happen. Edgar Allan Poe uses language and literary devices to make the reader feel tense during the story. True!—Nervous—very, very dreadfully nervous I had been and am; but why will you say that I am mad? • Worksheet: How does the narrator create suspense? And what is the narrator doing and feeling? Poe talks about TIME throughout the story: • What words/phrases does the author use to manipulate time?

10. Literary Devices Review Edgar Allan Poe uses the following literary elements to develop his sense of style within his writings. IMAGERY: Language that appeals to the senses (sight, sound, taste, touch, smell). Example: “the hinges creaked”. FIGURATIVE LANGUAGE: Whenever you describe something by comparing it with something else, you are using figurative language. • Simile: a comparison of two unlike things, typically marked by use of "like" or "as". Example: “much such a sound as a watch makes when enveloped in cotton”. • Metaphor: A comparison of two unlike things using the verb "to be" and not using “like” or “as”, like a simile does. Example: “He is a pig”. • Alliteration: Repeated consonant sounds occurring at the beginning of words or within words. Alliteration is used to create melody, establish mood, call attention to important words, and point out similarities and contrasts. Example: “hideous heart”. REPETITION: where words or certain phrases are repeated for a stronger emphasis by the author. Example: “louder, louder”.

11. New Literary Devices • GRIM HUMOR: topics and events that are usually treated seriously – death, mass murder, sickness, madness, terror, drug abuse, rape, war etc. – are treated in a humorous or satirical manner. Example: “I was never kinder to the old man than during the whole week before I killed him”. • SUBJECTS OF HORROR & SUPERNATURAL: intended to scare, unsettle, or horrify the audience. Historically, the cause of the "horror" experience has often been the intrusion of an evil—or, occasionally, misunderstood—supernatural element into everyday human experience. Example: “Death, in approaching him, had stalked with his black shadow....”.

12. Worksheet • Use the notes on the back to determine the literary elements that the author is using. • You do NOT need complete sentences • Pg. 362 might also be helpful

13. Poetry Notes pg. 402 • Powerpoint and Cornell Notes • Add personification to notes-using human qualities to describe something non-human, like Poe does with Death

14. Lyric Poetry pg. 405 • Poems that express feelings and do not tell stories are called lyrics. • Usually short • Imply, rather than state directly, a single, strong emotion • Comes from lyre, a stringed instrument something like a small harp(ancient Greeks), to set the beat or create atmosphere

15. Poetic Strategies • Pay attention to punctuation • Find the subject and verb • Look for figures of speech • Listen to the poem • Read it again • Have fun

16. Read “Valentine for Ernest Mann” pg. 406 Answer questions #1-5 aloud Answer # 6-8 in your notebooks

17. “Paul Revere’s Ride” pg. 409 • Read page 409 (preview) and 410-414 (poem) 1. What images are present in lines 31-41? What effect do they have on the poem? 2. What metaphor is Longfellow using in lines 42-44? What does it mean? 3. What simile is Longfellow using in line 45? What does it mean? 4. What personification is used in lines 46-48? What does it mean? 5. What is the relationship between the rhythm in lines 73-90 and the action narrated here? 6. What personification is being used in lines 95-100? 7. What first words are repeated in lines 87-110?

18. Narrative Poetry pg. 415 • http://youtu.be/_dKJ75F3tj8 • Answer questions on page 415 # 1and 4 • Summarize the poem in at least four sentences • Complete questions # 5---yes, write out the entire first stanza, skipping lines, like this: Listen, my children, and you shall hear Of the midnight ride of Paul Revere, On the eighteenth of April, in Seventy-five; Hardly a man is now alive Who remembers that famous day and year

19. Ballads page 416 • The Cremation of Sam McGee page 417 • What words are repeated? • What internal rhymes are in the refrain? • What words in the refrain establish an eerie or spooky feeling? • What is the personification on page 421? • Complete questions #4 (imagery) and 6 in your notebookson page 425 • Enrichment: Question # 7

20. Epics pg. 427 Epic: from Beowulf • Who is the hero and What actions does he complete? • Find one example of personification (giving human qualities to something non human) Mock Epic: Casey at the Bat • Who is the mock hero and what actions does he complete? • Do you think Casey deserves to lose his title of “hero” after this one mistake? Or should he still be considered a hero? Explain your answer. • Complete Qs #9 and 10 on page 433 • Venn Diagram comparing both epics (ch, setting, conflict, resolution, theme)

21. Monday • Poetry Project WS • Pablo Neruda AOW

22. Odes pg. 437 • Quickwrite-What would you like to celebrate? • What is thanks being compared to? • Write down one example of a metaphor, onomatopoeia simile, and personification in “Ode to Thanks” • Pg. 441 Q #15 “Birdfoot’s Grandpa” • What rhyme scheme is being used in “Ode to a Toad?” • What is one example of personification in “Ode to a Toad?” • Enrichment-Writing

23. Sonnets pg. 442 • Write down iambic pentameter, Italian sonnet/Petrarchan, English/Shakespearean sonnet and couplet definitions in your notebooks • Read pg. 443 • Line by line, explain the meaning (including the figures of speech) of each line.For example: Line 1. Earth has a poetry of its own, which never dies. Line 2. In summer, when it’s so hot the birds are fainting/tired Line 3. And they are hiding in the shade to get cool, you can hear a voice Line 4. In the hedges bordering the freshly mowed meadow, You do Lines 5-14 and #10 on page 445

24. In the first 8 lines, Keats talks about summer and how they are all around. In the next 6, it’s winter and they are all gone, except for the cricket. 5. Grasshoppers are loud 6. He’s relaxing 7. The grasshopper is tired • The grasshopper rests by the plants • Earth has a poetry • A winter evening when it’s cold • The grasshopper has stopped making noise • The cricket is making noise and it’s getting louder • If you’re not paying attention 14. It seems if there are a lot of grasshoppers in the field

25. 5. Grasshopper is getting ahead of everyone else. 6. He takes advantage of the nice weather and all thatand he has never seen such pleasantness and it’s so beautiful7. The Grasshopper, when tired from having so much fun8. He takes a nap9. The poetry of the earth is never stopping10. The evening weather was lonely and cold and frosty11.When it’s Winter it’sfrozen and quiet12. but the cricket’s chirping is very delightful and heart-warming13.When you are half awake 14. it seems that grasshoppers are laying on grassy hills

26. Free Verse pg. 450 • Repetition creates rhythm even thought they do not have a regular rhyme scheme or meter • Pg. 451 • What words are repeated? • What alliteration is used? • What assonance is used? Pg. 452 • What words are repeated? • What metaphor is being used?

27. Lyric pg. 405 • A single, strong emotions (don’t tell stories) • Write down the five ways to read a poem • What is the emotion that the poem on pg. 406 is about? • Q on page 408 # 6, 7, and 8 • Example

28. Elegy pg. 446 • Write down the definition of an elegy in your notebooks as well as the definition for extended metaphor • Quickwrite • Background • Extended metaphor worksheet • Enrichment: Writing

29. Terms Practice Quiz • On Friday • Actual test will be after Spring Break

30. Poetry Project! Due April 25 • Worksheet • Pick one of each type of underlined poem (narrative, ballad/epic, ode/sonnet, and elegy/lyric/free verse) • Four poems/lyrics total • Book Cover • Neat, decorated, creative • Appropriate lyrics and lyrics come with meaning, how it is the type of poem, and poetic devices

31. Walt Whitman • Summative AOW?

32. Dead Poet’s Society • Wednesday-Friday • Worksheet