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Ecosystem Diversity

Ecosystem Diversity. 2013-2014. Biodiversity. The variety of species In general, highest around the equator and decreases moving toward the poles. Ecosystems that are highly diverse are typically more stable and able to withstand environmental change. . Mutation.

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Ecosystem Diversity

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  1. Ecosystem Diversity 2013-2014

  2. Biodiversity • The variety of species • In general, highest around the equator and decreases moving toward the poles. • Ecosystems that are highly diverse are typically more stable and able to withstand environmental change.

  3. Mutation • New Genotypes create organisms with different phenotypes (look different) = more genetic diversity (biodiversity)

  4. Natural Selection • Some organisms have particular traits, or genes, that give them an increased chance for survival in their environment. They will most likely reproduce more often than other organisms lacking these genes and will increase the percent of the population

  5. Adaptation • A genetically inheritable trait that makes an organism more likely to survive and reproduce.

  6. Evolution • The change in the genetic make-up of a population over time. • Speciation – Changes in the genetic make-up of a population over time. That lead to an entirely new species.

  7. Diversity • Genetic diversity: The variety of genes within a species • Species diversity: The variety of species with in a given ecosystem.

  8. Working Toward Sustainability Page- 139 • Define Sustainability • Summarize the problem • How is biodiversity affected? • Why is it hard to conserve marine ecosystems?

  9. Cladogram or Phylogenetic Tree- Shows us how related one organism is to another.

  10. Practice Organisms: grass, apple tree, algae Modifications: fruit, veins, chlorophyll 1. Find the modification that ALL organisms have 2.Find the modification that only 3 organisms have and which does not have it? 3.Continue to solve which organism does not fit. The last organism will have all the modifications

  11. Organisms: Fish, Mammals, Reptiles and Sharks Modifications: Four Limbs, Bones, Hair, Vertebrae, Lungs 1. Find the modification that ALL animals have 2.Find the modification that only 3 animals have and which animal does not have it? 3.Continue to solve which animal does not fit. The last animal will have all the modifications

  12. Ecosystem Diversity Part 2

  13. Founder Effect • Only some representatives from a population start a different population in a new area.

  14. Genetic Drift • A change in the genetic composition of a population over time due to dominance of genes.

  15. Bottle Neck • The reduction in the genetic diversity of a population caused by a reduction in size.

  16. Artificial Selection • When humans determine which plants or animals breed.

  17. Mass extinction • We have already had 5 mass extinction events • We are in our 6th 2 to 25% of species will be gone by 2020.

  18. Case Study: Pumas/Mt Lions • Keep the deer population down. Reducing disease and problems with car accidents!

  19. On their way out • There are trapped on all sides • Only 5 lions left in the Santa Monica Mountains. • A cub was killed 10/25/2012 

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