POPULATION ISSUES & PATTERNS Cartoons

1. POPULATION ISSUES & PATTERNSCartoons

2. Population Issues & Patterns

3. Population Issues & Patterns

4. Population Issues & Patterns Age structure pyramid comparison

5. Population Issues & Patterns Location of people The World’s population just reached 7 Billion. Where are the most People? Africa, Asia, Europe, The America’s or Australia? ASIA has over 50%.

6. Population Issues & Patterns A Global Village If our World was actually a village of 100 people ….. It would have: 58 Asians, 14 Africans, 13 Europeans, 9 Latin Americans, 5 North Americans 1 Weirdo

7. World Population History #2 (years to add 1 billion people) BillionYear# of years 1 1800 2 million? 2 1930 130 3 1960 30 4 1975 15 5 1987 12 6 1999 12 7 2011 12

8. Population Issues & Patterns How is the world’s population total changing presently? • The population of earth increasesby about 90 million people/ year • This is calculated by subtracting deaths from births • That means an increase of approximately 250,000 per day. • Or about 13,000 in one class period time of 75 minutes

9. Population Issues & Patterns Do some places add more people? • Can you Guess which world area contributes more people?Africa, Asia, Europe, The America’s or Australia? ASIA – contributes over 2/3 of the population growth

10. Population Issues & Patterns Is fast growth a good thing? • High population and fast growth can cause problems. • Can you name some global problems that relate? poverty, hunger, deforestation, global warming, soil erosion, disease, desertification, habitat loss(extinction), ozone layer depletion, resource depletion, global warming, pollution of air and water…..

11. Population Issues & Patterns Population Growth ……has 2 partsPopulation Increase = NIR + NMR a) NIR = Natural Increase Rate b) NMR = Net Migration Rate

12. NIR = Birth rate – Death RateNMR = Incomers – outgoers (Immigrant rate – Emigrant Rate)

13. Population Terminology Rich and Poor More Developed countries (MDC’s) (Rich) 20% of world population create 80% of the pollution in the world LDC’s (Lesser Developed Countries) (poor) 80% of the worlds people are now getting technology and starting to industrialize As LDC’s develop and begin to consume resources like MDC’s, environmental problems will explode.

14. Population Issues & Patterns Yellow countries are considered LDC’s.

15. Population Issues & Patterns Census: Is a counting of the people a) is a count of a country’s population b) It is recorded in Years ending in a 1 or a 6 QUESTIONS: What types of people might be missed in a Canadian Census? How might people in other countries might NOT be counted?

16. Population Issues & Patterns How Does Canada’s Population change on an average day? 1070 people are born 610 immigrants arrive 575 people die 135 people emigrate …..we gain about 970 people per day

17. If Canada only grew by births and deaths Canada would have an increase rate of 6.2 /1000 or 0.62 % DOUBLING TIME = NUMBER OF YEARS TO DOUBLE IN SIZE THE RULE OF 70 calculates doubling time70 divided by % increase = # of years to double 70 / 0.62 = 113 years

18. 1st, 3rd or 5th World First world = low birth rates and low death rates Third World = high birth rates and low death rates Fifth World = high birth rates and high death rates Population Issues & Patterns

19. Demographic Transition Patterns based on Birth and death rates. Countries progress through “stages” over time. Countries move from being a fifth world country to a third world country and then first world country The change through these stages is called… DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION

21. All countries are at some place in this transition.

22. Population Issues & Patterns Canadian Age Groupsin society today • Baby Boomer Age 48 to 64 – born 1946 - 1962 • Generation X Age 30 to 47 – born 1963 – 1980 • Echo Boom Age 17 to 29 – born 1981 – 1993 • Echo X Age 0 to 16 – born 1994 – present

23. Population Issues & Patterns Fertility Rates • TFR = Total Fertility RateThe number of children produced per female = a mathematical number. 2.1 is “replacement or stability”.

24. Fertility rate TFR history in Canada • 1930’s = 2.8 (The Depression) • 1950’s = 3.9 (The Baby boom) • 1960’s = 2.3 (Women’s Liberation) • Presently = 1.5 (Modern Society)

25. DependencyWORKERS pay taxes to support Dependents who don’t pay taxes. This includes the young and old Age Groups • WORKER = 17 to 59 • Young (YNW) = 16 And under • Old (ONW) = over 60 • Total Dependants = YNW + ONW • Dependency LOAD = ….the % of the population that is supported from the taxes of the workers

26. Dependency Patterns over time YearWorkersYNWONWTotal Dependency 1981 63% 21% 16% 37% 2001 62% 19% 19% 38% 2031 50% 15% 35% 50% Q1) How old will you be in 2031? (21 years from now)…… - There will be an equal number of dependents and workers Q2) Do you think that you will have pay more taxes to support dependents in 2031 than your parents pay now? Q3) Can you think of any good alternatives?

27. Think About it • What IDEAS could the government of Canada begin NOW to reduce future problems with increasing total (and increasing Old age) dependency? • Can you name a good job choice and a not-so-good one based on this information?

28. Population Issues & Patterns Population Pyramid Basically called called AGE – SEX Pyramids Age groups are by 4 years One side is PINK and the other is BLUE Canada has a moving BULGE “the Baby BOOM Group”

29. Population Issues & Patterns

31. See website from Canadian Government for more pyramids http://www.statcan.gc.ca/ads-annonces/91-520-x/pyra-eng.htm