1 / 26

ISLAMISMUS ISLAMISM Marek Čejka

ISLAMISMUS ISLAMISM Marek Čejka. Characteristics of Islamism. REVIVALIST movement and alternative to MODERNITY and MODERNISATION in Muslim world

ryu
Download Presentation

ISLAMISMUS ISLAMISM Marek Čejka

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ISLAMISMUSISLAMISMMarek Čejka

  2. Characteristics of Islamism • REVIVALIST movement and alternative to MODERNITY and MODERNISATION in Muslim world (signs of modernity: secularization, derogation of role of Islam, loss of power of traditional authorities, NATIONALISM, Western influence, imperialism and colonisation, morale degradation, corruption, poverty) • One of its main aims is to lead Muslims back to their religious roots and values. • Islamism is criticizing negative phenomenons connected with Modernity and Nationalism and is offering its own (Islamic) solutions. • One of the goal of the Islamist also creation of statehood – but based on religious (theocratic) principles rather than nationalistic – restoration of caliphate

  3. RADICAL vs. MODERATE ISLAMISM • The term „Islamism“ does not automatically mean connection with violence or terrorism • Some Islamist groups are completelly apolitical • Other Islamists want to combine traditional Islamic principles and values together with western values (analogy of Christian democracy) • The most visible Islamist groups in World media are those, which use the violence for assertion of their ideology – RADICAL ISLAMISM

  4. Typology of Islamism • Participative/legal(constructive, state-building) Islamist movements (e.g. Hizb an-Nahda in post-Ben Ali Tunisia, AKP in Turkey) • Radical Islamist/Jihadist movements using subversive and violent methods for gaining influence and domination of politics in Muslim countries/or Muslim World (e.g. Al-Qaeda in Islamic Maghreb, Islamic Jihad) • Non-political Islamist movements (e. g. some Sufi orders, some branches of Salafism) • Hybrid/combined/sui-generis Islamist movements – they could combine social work, charity etc. together with violent methods (Hamas in Palestine, Hezbollah in Lebanon e.g.) or they can use radical rhetoric without using violence (e.g. Hizb ut-Tahrir, some Wahhabi streams) This typology was inspired by lecture of Moroccan political scientist Yousef Belal at 13th DGAP New Faces Conference“Democratization and Security in the Middle East and North Africa”, Istanbul, 17.–20. March 2010

  5. Moderated Islamists(Participative/Legal Islamism) Many Islamist groups are able to participate on democracy and even contribute to democratization of their countries Parties: • AKP (Turkey) • Party of Justice and Development (Morocco) • Muslim Brotherhood (Egypt) • Islamic Action Front (Jordan)

  6. Branches of Islam

  7. Umayyad CALIPHATE (661 - 750)

  8. Hizb ut-Tahrir international movement

  9. Al-Afghani (1838–1897) • „Father“ of modern Islamism • He called for a return to the original principles and ideals of Islam, and for greater unity among Islamic peoples. • al-Afghani argued that this would allow the Islamic community to regain its former strength against European powers.

  10. Al-Mawdoodi (1903 – 1979) • Indo-Pakistansi theologist, philosopher, politician • founder of political party Jamaat e-Islami • Idea of Islamic state • „Theo-democracy“

  11. Hassan AL-BANNA (1906–1949)

  12. MUSLIM BROTHERHOOD in EGYPT (since 1928)

  13. Original aim of the Muslim Brotherhood was charity • In Egypt (ruled by secular nationalists who were dependent on Britain) was very bad economic and social situation • MB offered alternative and charitable activities • Popularity of MB grew steadily and they become more politicized and radicalized. • Egyptian political establishment saw MB as an rival. • Conspiration vs. Repression • Anti-British policies of MB

  14. Sayyed Kutb (1906–1966)

  15. „The Milestones“ (1964)

  16. Islamic Revolution in Iran - 1979

  17. Ayatollahs Khomeini and Khamenei

  18. Export of Iranian Islamic Revolution after 1979 Hezbollah (1982)

  19. Assasination of Anwar Sadat – 1981Egyptian Islamic Jihad

  20. 1987 – Palestine: Hamas

  21. Abdullah AZZAM

  22. Mujahideens in Afghanistan

  23. Ayman Az-Zawahiri and Osama Bin Laden

  24. TALIBAN and Al-QAEDA

  25. „Knights Under the Prophet's Banner“ (2001)

  26. For more see: http://blizky-vychod.blogspot.com Marek´s books: • Judaism and politics in Israel (2002, 2009) • Israel and Palestine (2005) • Encyclopedia of the Middle Eastern Terrorism (2007) • Rabbis of our Time (2010, co-author) • History of Modern Israel (2011)

More Related