1 / 33

Faculty: Dr. Alvin Fox

Enterobacteriaceae II V ibrio , Campylobacter, Helicobacter (Gram negative, enteric tract), Lecture 43. Faculty: Dr. Alvin Fox. Typhoid. enteric fever severest salmonella disease Salmonella typhi rare in US epidemics third world Europe historical . Salmonella typhi.

sadah
Download Presentation

Faculty: Dr. Alvin Fox

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. EnterobacteriaceaeII Vibrio, Campylobacter,Helicobacter (Gram negative, enteric tract), Lecture 43 Faculty: Dr. Alvin Fox

  2. Typhoid • enteric fever • severest salmonella disease • Salmonella typhi • rare in US • epidemics • third world • Europe • historical

  3. Salmonella typhi • human reservoir • carrier state common • contaminated food • water supply • poor sanitary conditions

  4. Typhoid • septicemia • - occurs 10-14 days • lasts 7 days macrophage • gall bladder • shedding, weeks • acute phase, gastroenteritis gastroenteritis

  5. S. typhi • Vi (capsular) antigen • protective

  6. Typhoid -Therapy • Antibiotics • essential • Vaccines • ineffective

  7. Yersiniosis • Yersinia entercolitica • gastroenteritis • Scandinavia common • US • colder regions

  8. Yersiniosis • transmission • fecal contamination, domestic animals • water • milk • meat

  9. Yersinia Gut lumen Diarrhea fever abdominal pain antibiotic therapy recommended occassional bacteremia

  10. Yersinia -isolation cold enrichment

  11. Y. pseudotuberculosis • similar • less severe disease

  12. Vibrio cholerae

  13. Vibrios • Gram negative rods • comma shaped • facultative anaerobes • oxidase positive • simple nutritional requirements • readily cultivated

  14. Occurrence -cholera • third world • US • uncommon • traveler • ingestion of sea-food

  15. Transmission - V. cholerae feces • water • fresh • salt • food

  16. Cholera - attachment Gut lumen

  17. Cholera toxin- Choleragen • B binds to gangliosides • provides channel for A • A catalyses ADP-ribosylation • regulator complex • activates adenylate cyclase

  18. Cholera -therapy • massive secretion of ions/water into • gut lumen • dehydration and death • therapy • fluid replacement • antibiotic therapy • vaccination • partially effective • not generally used • international travelers

  19. Vibrio parahemolyticus • raw sea-food • grows best in high salt • not common in US • diarrhea

  20. Vibrio vulnificus • Wound infections • Most common Vibrio infection in the US

  21. CAMPYLOBACTER& HELICOBACTER • Gram negative rods • curved or spiral • genetically related

  22. Campylobacter jejuni pleomorphic

  23. Transmission • infects the intestinal tract of animals • chickens, cattle, sheep • Transmitted • milk • meat products

  24. Campylobacter Gut lumen

  25. Isolation - Campylobacter • microaerophilic • grows best 42oC

  26. Campylobacter - symptoms • diarrhea • dysentery common • malaise • fever • abdominal pain • usually self-limiting • antibiotics occasionally • bacteremia • small minority

  27. Helicobacter pylori • stomach mucosa • ulcers

  28. Urease • Important in neutralizing stomach acid - pathogenesis

  29. Diagnosis -Helicobacter • Culture • - urease NH4+ CO2 • Direct detection of urease • CO2 derivedfrom labeled urea

  30. Therapy -Helicobacter • Antibiotics • cures ulcers

  31. Summary statement • sanitary measures • protect the water supply • food/water borne epidemics • infrequent, US • common third, world • zoonotic infections • contaminated animal or vegetable products • less well controlled than man-to-man

  32. Therapy • severe diarrhea • fluid replacement essential • antibiotic therapy sometimes used in local • infection but always in systemic disease

More Related