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Byzantine Empire

Byzantine Empire. (Eastern Roman Empire) . Fall of Roman Empire. 330 – Constantine moves the capital of Roman empire to “Byzantium” Had been a Greek city He renames the city “Constantinople” Constantinople is in a key location Entrance to Black Sea Important trade route (water and land).

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Byzantine Empire

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  1. Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire)

  2. Fall of Roman Empire • 330 – Constantine moves the capital of Roman empire to “Byzantium” • Had been a Greek city • He renames the city “Constantinople” • Constantinople is in a key location • Entrance to Black Sea • Important trade route (water and land)

  3. Byzantine Empire 481

  4. They Might Be Giants Istanbul was ConstantinopleNow it's Istanbul, not ConstantinopleBeen a long time gone, ConstantinopleNow it's Turkish delight on a moonlit nightEvery gal in ConstantinopleLives in Istanbul, not ConstantinopleSo if you've a date in ConstantinopleShe'll be waiting in IstanbulEven old New York was once New AmsterdamWhy they changed it I can't sayPeople just liked it better that way So take me back to ConstantinopleNo, you can't go back to ConstantinopleBeen a long time gone, ConstantinopleWhy did Constantinople get the works?That's nobody's business but the TurksIstanbul (Istanbul)Istanbul (Istanbul) Even old New York was once New AmsterdamWhy they changed it I can't sayPeople just liked it better that wayIstanbul was ConstantinopleNow it's Istanbul, not ConstantinopleBeen a long time gone, ConstantinopleWhy did Constantinople get the works?That's nobody's business but the TurksSo take me back to ConstantinopleNo, you can't go back to ConstantinopleBeen a long time gone, ConstantinopleWhy did Constantinople get the works?That's nobody's business but the TurksIstanbul

  5. Mosaics • Art is very similar • Art is very religious

  6. Justinian Empire • Justinian on throne 527 • Wanted to restore empire to size of Roman Empire • Monumental building plans • Codified law (Codex Justinianus) • Latin and Greek • Persecuted non Christian • Jews and polytheists • Shut down some philosophy schools • Built more than 25 churches

  7. Empress Theodora • Former dancer/actress/courtesan • She had many admirers • She was outside of Justinian’s class but he married her anyway • Assisted with state decisions and was very decisive • Fought for women’s rights • Abortion • Right to commit adultry • Justinian’s equal • Died of cancer (breast) 20 years before Justinian

  8. Procopius - Historian • Published many histories • Secret History was the scandals of Justinian Byzantine • May have fallen out of favor with Justinian • Wrote of a plague “Justinian Plague” • Probably bubonic • Killed 10,000 people per day in Constantinople

  9. Byzantine Empire under Justinian

  10. Nika Revolt • Chariot Racing fans divided into 4 groups • Blue, Green, White, and Red • Justinian favored the blues • Some blues & greens charged with murder but not hanged • Wanted to be pardoned-Justinian refused • Riots occur – try to overthrow Justinian

  11. Hagia Sophia • Main church of Constantinople • Greek for “Holy Wisdom” • Destroyed twice • 1. Fire • 2. Civil Disorder of Nika Revolt • Shape of basilica with domed center

  12. Dome construction • Pendentives: triangular masonry that carried the weight of dome in sections and not on a circular drum • Increased the size of domes

  13. Hagia Sophia • After Justinian, other emperors made additions • Added mosaics and paintings • Conquered by Turks and turned into a mosque • Mosaics covered because Islam prohibits the use of images • Some have since been recovered

  14. Ravenna • City in northern Italy • Roman, “barbarian” Gothic, Byzantine • Home to many Byzantine buildings and art (especially mosaics)

  15. The Good Shepherd BeardlessToga“Persian rug”

  16. Baptistery

  17. Icon: painting of a religious figure that is used in worship “a window into the world of sacred” God said that you should not worship idols It is just a thing – not a religious entity Icon debate

  18. San Vitale

  19. Saint Catherine’s Monastery • In the shadow of Mount Sinai • Where God spoke to Moses in a burning bush • Where God gave Moses the 10 Commandments • Justinian built a monastery that is still used

  20. Next up…. • Philosophers of Byzantine • Saint Augustine of Hippo • Boethius

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