C&I feedback to TFEIP

1. C&I feedback to TFEIP Expert Panel meeting 14 May 2013 Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi

2. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Topics on the agenda • General issues • Updates to the Guidebook • Proposed changes to NFR • Presentations of new research • Solvent VOC emission inventory for EU27 • BC and OC emission inventory for Norway • Benzene emission inventory • Condensable organics

3. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Guidebook update • Task 1 • Black carbon included for all relevant sources with text and emission factors • BC rather than EC although often they might be the same • Black carbon in the GB expressed as % of PM2.5 • For some sources, e.g. brown coal, no data available (NE)

4. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Guidebook update • Task 2 • Consistency check for all chapters, and corrections were made where possible • Trace back the original references • Same references in one table where possible (harmonizing PM and HM for instance) • Important to note that not everything could be solved • Many references to Guidebook (2006) or other unpublished literature remain

5. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Guidebook update • Task 3: update to solvent use (domestic & other) • Tier 1 for 3.D.2 and 3.D.3 improved based on selected IIRs • Tier 2 where possible updated (not to relate to capita but actual product mass) • Task 4: small combustion • Chapter with lot of information but unclear references • Annexes not changed; question whether to keep in future • Measurement techniques for PM remain a big issue here

6. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Guidebook update • Task 5: Fugitive sources • Most chapters updated with new emission factors • C&I Expert Panel recommends TFEIP to approve all the relevant chapters for Combustion & Industry • Important to stress that the Guidebook is far from finished and further work will remain needed over the next years

7. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP NFR changes – power plants • Propose to split 1.A.1.a in 3 sectors, recognizing heat and electricity production separately • Expert Panel recommends not to do this (keep 1.A.1.a as one sector)

8. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Industry (combustion) Not change (leave as 1.A.1.c) Non metallic minerals

9. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Fugitives (1.B): only renaming of sectors

10. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Mineral industry (2.A) Only one category 2.A.4

11. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP ChemicalIndustry (2.B)EP recommends not to introduce new sectors here (take out 2B4 and 2B6-2B8) 2B10a 2B10b

12. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Metal industry (2.C)

13. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Other industrial processes (old 2.D-2.G) Probably 2H4 can be deleted

14. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Product use (old NFR 3) and related activities Not (all) product use, leave in 2.A Replace with other system, e.g. REACH based? Not now – no time!

15. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Waste (old NFR 6)

16. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Solvent use • Industry made available solvent VOC emission inventory, based on solvent companies reporting their sales data • Estimated VOC content and import/export • Country and sector specific estimates are now available to us • Further work ahead to investigate the differences UNITS IN KILOTONNES ESIG EEA 2008 2159 3335 2009 1917 3050

17. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Norwegian BC/OC inventory • BC & OC inventory developed for Norway • Based largely on GAINS BC/OC shares in PM2.5 • New EFs for fuelwood for PM2.5 used • New stoves better than old stoves but mainly in energy efficiency and not so much in emission characteristics BC OC

18. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Benzene • Benzene is carcinogenic to humans, and no safe level of exposure can be recommended • EU legislation set limit to air concentrations • No benzene EFs are included in TFEIP GB • Combustion of wood has become the largest source of emission and is likely to grow in future years • In the presentation a lot of EFs is reported that can be a starting point for GB update

19. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Condensables • PM consists of two parts • Currently in different countries and different sectors, emission measurements and emission factors • Specifically for residential combustion (wood) this is very important • Filterable PM represents only ~25% of total PM2.5 • For NL we are talking about 4-5 kton PM2.5 (30% of total!) • Major issue for modellers: they underestimate PM • How to deal with this? • Need to look further into this and assess impact – spread the message! • Not everybody likes to see sudden emission increases • PM filterable/condensable separately?

20. Jeroen Kuenen, Carlo Trozzi C&I feedback to TFEIP Work plan 2013/2014 • Continuous improvement of the Guidebook chapters • Main issue – as always – funding • Make priority list of further improvements to be made • Finalise the new NFR structure and update the sector conversion sheets (SNAP, etc.) • Continue work with solvent industry to improve VOC inventories • Understanding the differences • Look into possibility of changing our source category system to move away from uncertain sectors 3D2 & 3D3 • Stress the importance of measurement techniques on PM emissions and concentrations