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Command and Staff Principles: Effective Decision-Making for Leadership

Discover the importance of using command and staff principles to make informed decisions in a leadership position within the 8th Battalion. Learn about coordinating staff, courses of action, and the responsibilities of key staff members.

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Command and Staff Principles: Effective Decision-Making for Leadership

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  1. Why use Command and Staff Principles? • Decide on the best plan • What will you learn to do? • Demonstrate command and staff principles while performing the duties of a leadership position within the 8th Battalion. Student Learning Activity Inquire Phase

  2. (1 of 3) Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles

  3. (2 of 3) Draw Your Company Organization Chart CO 1SG PSGs SLs Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles

  4. Key Terms • coordinating staff • course of action • S1 • S3 • S4 • S5 • echelon

  5. (U1C1L9:V1) • Coordinating Staff • Click to see the correct answer Inquire Phase

  6. (U1C1L9:V2) • Course of Action • Click to see the correct answer Inquire Phase

  7. (U1C1L9:V3) • Echelon • Click to see the correct answer Inquire Phase

  8. What does the S1 do? • Responsible for Personnel and Administration • Maintain Cadet Records in JUMS (awards and promotions) Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles

  9. What does the S3 do? • Responsible for Training and Operations • Publish Training Schedules and Calendar • Publish Battalion Operation Orders • Track Training status of cadets Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles

  10. What does the S4 do? • Responsible for Logistics and Security • Conduct inventory of all battalion equipment • Maintain accurate supply records in JUMS Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles

  11. What does the S5 do? • Responsible for Public Affairs and Information • Publish Lion’s Roar Newsletter and Yearbook • Coordinate with School newspaper and yearbook • Advertise JROTC in school and community Visual 1 - Basic Command and Staff Principles

  12. Why do we use a staff to make plans? What are some benefits of using a staff to make recommendations? Commanders are assured that they are making a decision based on all available information. Staff officers are better prepared because they can anticipate the needs of their area of responsibility. Commanders are still in control of the situation, and make the final decision. Inquire Phase

  13. Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Command and Staff Actions to Arrive at a Decision • Step 1: Give the staff their Mission • Step 2: Staff gathers the Information Available • Step 3: Give the staff some Planning Guidance • Step 4: Staff makes their Estimates • Step 5: Commander makes his Estimate & then makes the Decision • Step 6: Staff writes the OPORD • Step 7: Commander gives his Approval • Step 8: Publication of OPORD • Step 9: Command & Staff Supervision Gather Phase

  14. Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Step 1: Mission • Command and staff actions begin upon the receipt of a mission from a higher headquarters and/or the development of a mission by the unit commander. • The commander then analyzes the mission to identify the specific tasks the unit must accomplish. Gather Phase

  15. Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Step 2: Information Available • The staff provides any available information to the commander, who also attempts to obtain additional information from the next higher commander as early as possible. • After analyzing the mission and reviewing the available information, the commander issues the planning guidance. Gather Phase

  16. Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Step 3: Planning Guidance • Planning guidance is the commander’s assistance to a staff in preparing or revising their estimates. • This guidance spans more than one step. • The amount of planning guidance varies with each mission. • The commander does not select a course of action at this time because doing so would prevent objective and unbiased staff estimates. Gather Phase

  17. Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Step 4: Staff Estimates • Based on the mission and planning guidance, the coordinating staff sections prepare their staff estimates. • The special staff, who may also prepare their own estimates. • Coordinated staff estimates result in recommendations as to what specific actions the commander may take to accomplish the mission. Gather Phase

  18. Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Step 5: Commander’s Estimate & Decision • The commander considers the recommendations of the staff. • Then the commander completes his or her own estimate • Makes a decision • Following the decision, the commander provides the staff with an overall concept of how the commander wants the operation conducted. Gather Phase

  19. Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Step 6: Preparation of Plans & Orders • After staff members completely understand the mission, they carefully analyze the decision and commander’s concept to determine what actions the unit must take to be successful. • From this analysis comes the development of plans or orders. Gather Phase

  20. Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Step 7: Approval • Staffs normally submit the plans or orders to the commander for approval before submitting them for publication. • Commander approves plan or directs the staff to make changes. Gather Phase

  21. Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Step 8: Publication of Plans or Orders • Publication of Plans or Orders Gather Phase

  22. Think about how decisions are made at the battalion level. Step 9: Command & Staff Supervision • Supervision of the orders must be continuous if the mission is to be successful. • This could very well be the most important step. • Without proper supervision, the best plan may fail. • Proper supervision also allows the commander and staff to be constantly abreast of the situation and able to make changes as necessary. Gather Phase

  23. Think about the roles that each staff position plays in the exercise. Simulated staff planning exercise: • Battalion will visit Senior ROTC at a University • Arizona State University • Northern Arizona University • Set up the battalion staff positions including company commanders • Think of benefits of the either place (pro and con) • Consider Transportation, Meals, Communication, costs, Emergencies, possible problems, other equipment needed • Recommend 1 location to the Battalion Commander Process Phase

  24. Reflection: • Why do you think delegation of authority is important? • Why do you think common staff procedures are important? • What did you learn from this staff exercise? • How can you apply what you’ve learned in your everyday duties and responsibilities? Process Phase

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