Dr f Dejahang ( BSc CEng, BSc (Hons) Construction Mgmt, MSc, MCIOB, PhD)

1. 057 CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY (MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS) Dr f Dejahang (BSc CEng, BSc (Hons) Construction Mgmt, MSc, MCIOB, PhD)

3. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • The main areas pertain to: • Managerial • Technological • Social factors The crucial factors, which have a major effect on construction productivity, can be divided into two main areas: • internal factors • external factors

4. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY

5. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS Internal factors • The construction site productivity is directly under the influence of the site managers and project manager. • often, project managers and site managers are task orientated; • their concern is to finish the project on time and within budget;

6. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • Project mangers or Site mangers with poor communication, human relations will not be able to lead their team. • Managers must be able to motivate workers. • It is important for managers to have both professional and academic qualifications.

7. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • Managers should have a number of basic characteristics in their approach to a project, such as: • accuracy • determination • initiative • integrity • loyalty • resourcefulness • self-confidence and a balanced temperament

9. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • In the past construction projects were delivered in the traditional way where by design was separated from construction. • The separation of design and construct can affect productivity if there is delay in taking design changes or drawings to the contractor. • In these circumstances, site labour force and plant become idle resulting in site productivity decline.

10. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS THE ROLE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT TEAM • The prime aim of the management team is to minimise construction costs and meet all Key performance Indicators (KPI’s). • This can be achieved if resources are used in most effective way.

11. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • As a result, many techniques have been introduced to assist mangers in managing resources more effectively. • The construction management team is also responsible for improving the construction industry’s competitiveness. • both in the domestic and international market.

12. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • Project management involvement begins at the design stage. • All decisions taken at the design stage must be directed towards achieving the client’s expectations for: • Cost • Quality • Time • Full satisfaction

13. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • The construction work must be handled in such a way that it is completed on time within the set budget. • At any time, several design teams are involved in the design stage of a project.

14. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • The teamwork amongst design team will reduce design change. • A good management team can reduce variation to the original plan. Following a design change: • the site labour force; • and plant become idle resulting in site productivity decline.

15. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • Project managers are also responsible for choosing the right contract for the right project. • The right choice of contract is an important part of the project management decision-making process.

16. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • Reducing the time required to deliver a project is one way of improving competitiveness. • Network Programming allows managers to reduce time. • The implementation of construct-ability can reduce the scheduled time for a project by up to 30% without any extra cost to the project.

17. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS The main responsibilities of project managers are: • in reducing cost; • maintaining high quality work; • reducing waste; • reducing delays; • Etc.

18. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS PROJECT MANAGEMENT EFFECTIVENESS • The project management’s effectiveness is about having the power to produce good results. Management effectiveness is influenced by several factors such as: • education; • training and experience- help project Managers to develop their knowledge and skill.

19. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS • The project Manager’s familiarity with their working environment and team members. • This determines a project manager’s approach in dealing with the activities on site. • The project manager’s managerial behaviour is influenced by: • company rules and regulations.

20. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS Poorly performing projects are caused by: • Disruption; • site congestion; • sequencing (events following each other in a successive way); • lack of availability of material;

21. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORDS Also, • site management; • worker’s skills; • the motivation of workforce; • quality of engineering; • work environment.

22. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS The effectiveness of the site manager depends on several factors. 1) Personal factors such as: • the manager’s age • experience • qualification • style of management • membership of professional body • etc.

23. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTOR 2) Job related variables such as: • salary • job satisfaction • job security All of which may influence the site manager’s motivation.

24. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS project variables are defined as: • building type; • project size; • Duration; • construction methods and complexity of the project. organisational variables such as: • the size of the company; • site engineers’ level of authority.

25. CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTIVITY AND MAJOR INFLUENTIAL FACTORS Also, • External factors External factors include: • characteristics of the industry • client participation • inclement weather • economic climate