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Human Reproductive System

Human Reproductive System. Defined: organs & glands that produce hormones which help make a new human. Puberty = sexual maturity (ability to reproduce) Controlled by hormones Hypothalamus & Pituitary glands release 2 major hormones: FSH LH.

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Human Reproductive System

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  1. Human Reproductive System

  2. Defined: organs & glands that produce hormones which help make a new human. • Puberty = sexual maturity (ability to reproduce) • Controlled by hormones • Hypothalamus & Pituitary glands release 2 major hormones: • FSH • LH Develop sexual characteristics and reproductive system

  3. Males vs. Females • Differences • Male • XY • Produce MILLIONS of sperm every day • Female • XX • One egg, once a month • Similarities • 2 compartments • Testes • Ovaries • Start inside body • Testicles drop before birth • Fetus has glands that could become either female or male • Father “determines” gender • Depends on genes • XX: Female • XY: Male

  4. Male Anatomy

  5. Male Reproductive System FSH LH • Function: • Produce sperm • Deliver sperm to female egg • Testes • Outside body • If temp is too high, sperm can’t be made • Produces Testosterone • Develops male sex characteristics • Makes sperm Testosterone

  6. spermatogonium Review: Spermatogenesis Meiosis 1 Meiosis 2 • Defined: Production of sperm cells • Process: Meiosis • Location: male testes • Makes final changes to sperm cell • Four haploid sperm cells at a time • 23 chromosomes in each Spermatogenesis

  7. What is sperm? • MYTH: tiny human inside • TRUTH: • Contains Several Parts: • Head • Enzymes to get through egg membrane • 22 autosomes • X or Y chromosome • Mitochondria • Energy • Tail (flagellum) • Swimming • Matures in the epididymis

  8. Male Reproductive sys. Cont.: Prostate • Function: Produces fluid that nourishes and protects sperm • Sperm + fluid = semen • Cancer • Most common form in men • Slower-growing (usually) • Radiation, Chemotherapy, or surgery for removal • Prostate exams help monitor

  9. Fertilization • Defined: Fusion of egg and sperm to create zygote • Semen  vas deferens  urethra opening • 50-500 million sperm released • only 1 sperm cell gets through to egg • enzymes help get in • instant biochemical change (no more sperm can enter)

  10. Journey of the sperm

  11. Review • Which hormones stimulate the maturity of the male reproductive system? • Which cellular process produces sperm cells? • Explain the function of the following: pituitary gland, testes, prostate, epididymis, and vas deferens • How does the structure of a sperm cell aid in it’s function • Describe how an egg is fertilized • Are sperm cells haploid or diploid? A zygote? • How many chromosomes can be found in a human sperm cell? A zygote?

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