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Drawing Inferences. Drawing Inferences. Coming up with your own ideas, answers, or decisions about what you have read . (Inference) Sometimes, you are asked to draw conclusions (result, issue, or outcome) or make generalizations (reasoning from detailed facts to general principles) . .
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Drawing Inferences • Coming up with your own ideas, answers, or decisions about what you have read. (Inference) • Sometimes, you are asked to draw conclusions (result, issue, or outcome) or make generalizations (reasoning from detailed facts to general principles).
Drawing Inferences • 2 Types of Inferences: • Inductive Reasoning: the process of determining general principles by logic or observation from specific data; reasoning from parts to whole (All ice I’ve ever felt is cold; therefore, all ice is cold.) • Deductive Reasoning: the process of logical reasoning from general principles to specific instances based on the assumed truth of the principle; reasoning from whole parts.
Drawing Inferences • When you draw inferences: • Start by reading carefully. • You cannot look at a passage and find one word or sentence that gives you the answer to an inference question. • As you answer questions that ask you to draw inferences (infer), look back at the passage to find evidence for the answer choice you are considering. • Then, check you answer by asking yourself if the answer makes sense based on your own experiences.
Inferences • Evidence-based guesses. • They are conclusions a reader draws about the unsaid based what is actually said. • Inferences drawn while reading are much like inferences drawn in everyday life. • Making an inference is the same thing as drawing a conclusion or making a generalization.
Tips for Drawing Inferences • Make sure your inferences rely mainly on the author’s words rather than your own feelings or experiences. Your goal is to read the author’s mind, not invent your own message. • Check to see if your inference is proven wrong by any statement in the paragraph. If it is, it is not a useful inference.
Tips for Drawing Inferences • If the passage is a difficult one, check to see if you can actually identify the statements that led you to your conclusion. This will help you test your understanding of the text. You can also remember the material better.
Examples: • If your mom tells you to put your rain coat on before leaving the house, you can INFER (or make an educated guess) that it is raining outside.
Examples: • Read this sentence: He is known as the president with the beard and the black top hat who led us through the Civil War. You can INFER that the president being spoken of in the sentence is Abraham Lincoln.
