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New France

New France. The Seigneurial System. What is the Seigneurial System?. It is the way the King of France wanted to divide the land Land was divided into large squares One man was given the land This man was called a seigneur or a LORD. What is the Seigneurial System?.

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New France

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  1. New France The Seigneurial System

  2. What is the Seigneurial System? • It is the way the King of France wanted to divide the land • Land was divided into large squares • One man was given the land • This man was called a seigneur or a LORD

  3. What is the Seigneurial System? • The seigneur would ask farmers to live on the land • When farmers moved there, they would divide the land even more • The farmers were called censitairesor TENENTS

  4. What did the Seigneurial System look like? • The seigneury was usually next to a river • This help people travel quickly • The water also helped farmers grow crops • The seigneury looked like lots of rectangles stuck together

  5. What was on the Seigneury? • You could find lots of things on the seigneury: • The lord’s house • The tenants’ houses • Farms • Roads • Windmill • Sawmill • Pier • Church • Cemetery • Land for animals to walk and eat

  6. The Lord’s House • The Lord’s house and land was usually close to the water and church • The Lord’s house was usually bigger than the farmer tenants’ houses • The Lord also had a lot of land called the DOMAINE

  7. The Lord’s House

  8. The Tenants’ Houses & Farms • The farmer tenants’ houses were small • The land they had was usually a narrow or thin rectangle • Sometimes the land was oddly shaped because of small rivers, hills or other natural elements • The farmers used the land to grow crops • Crops were important for the farmers to make money

  9. The Tenants’ Houses & Farms

  10. Roads • The First road was called the King’s Road • The second road was called the 2nd row • The third row was called the 3rd row • The road that came up from the river was called LA MONTEE

  11. Roads 2nd row 1st ROW MONTEE KING’S ROAD

  12. The Pier • The pier was important because boats carrying important goods could stop and leave from there • Boats that left the pier could bring goods grown by the farmers to markets to be sold • Soldiers and other people who want to communicate quickly would use waterways to get around quickly

  13. The Pier

  14. The Windmill • The windmill was important because it was used to grind up grains to make bread and other edible goods • The windmill would be placed close to the water where there was a chance for more wind. • More wind means the mill could work better

  15. The Windmill

  16. The Sawmill • The sawmill would be used as a place to cut wood • The cut pieces of wood could be used to build several different things

  17. The Sawmill

  18. Land for Animals • The farmers would keep their animals on one piece of land, usually in the center of the seigneury • Animals could eat the grass there  this is called grazing • The land was usually called the COMMUNE

  19. Land for Animals

  20. Church and cemetery • The church and cemetery were very important to have at each seigneury • Remember, the people living in New France were Catholic  they needed a church • The church and cemetery were usually in the center of the seigneury • Having a church close by was important  traveling far away was almost impossible

  21. Church & Cemetery

  22. What happened on the Seigneury? • The Lord was in charge • The tenants worked hard • The Lord and the tenants had RIGHTS & DUTIES • Rights  what they were allowed to do and what they were allowed to have • Duties  things they had to do

  23. Duties of the Lord • The Lord had to: • Be loyal to the King of France • Give any valuable mineral or stones to the King • Build a church on the seigneury and pay taxes to the church • Divide land for the farmers • Build roads for the farmers • Live on the seigneury

  24. Rights of the Lord • The Lord was allowed to: • Sit at the front of the church during church events • Be buried in the church cemetery • Tax the farmers  money or the farmers would give the Lord goods from their farms • Ask the farmers to work on his land for free during 3-4 days out of the year

  25. Duties of the tenants/farmers • The tenants/ farmers had to: • Give freework to the Lord • Pay taxes to the Lord & church • Use the mill of the Lord and give him some of the milled grain • Give some money to the Lord if he sold his land

  26. Rights of the tenants/farmers • The tenants/farmers were allowed to: • Sell his land or leave it to his family • Use the mills (he paid for this) • Let his animals use the COMMUNE (he paid for this) • Keep most of his profits from his farm

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