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Proteins and Nucleic Acids

Proteins and Nucleic Acids. Biology I . Proteins. Contains nitrogen , carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen Are made up of monomers called amino acids. There are 20 amino acids Amino acids join together by peptide bonds Most proteins or amino acids end in (- ine ). Proteins.

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Proteins and Nucleic Acids

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  1. Proteins and Nucleic Acids Biology I

  2. Proteins • Contains nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen • Are made up of monomers called amino acids There are 20amino acids Amino acids join together by peptide bonds Most proteins or amino acids end in (-ine)

  3. Proteins • Each amino acid contains an amino group, acarboxyl group, and a R group. • The R group determines the type of amino acid

  4. Proteins Functions • Serve as antibodies to protect against diseases • Help to transport substances through the body • Serve as enzymes • Form muscles, skin, hair, bone, ligaments, etc.

  5. Level of Organization for Proteins • Amino acids sequence into protein chains. • The amino acids in the chain begin to twist and fold. • The chain itself begins to twist. • If a protein has more than one chain, then each chain will twist around each other.

  6. Nucleic Acids • Contains oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorus • Are made of monomers called nucleotides • There are two types: DNA and RNA

  7. Nucleic Acids • A nucleotide is made up of three parts • Phosphate group • 5 carbon sugar • Nitrogen base

  8. DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) • is double stranded • Is made up of nucleotides • phosphate group • Deoxyribose (sugar) • Nitrogen base Functions • Stores and sends genetic information

  9. RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) • is single stranded • Is made up of nucleotides • phosphate group • Ribose (sugar) • Nitrogen base Function • Makes proteins

  10. Nitrogen bases DNA • 4 nitrogen bases • Adenine • Thymine • Guanine • Cytosine • A-TandC-G RNA • 4nitrogen bases • Adenine • Uracil • Guanine • Cytosine • A-U and C-G

  11. Nitrogen basescome in two structures • Purines- two ringed nitrogen base • Adenine • Guanine • Pyrimidines- one ringed nitrogen bases • Thymine (Uracil) • Cytosine

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