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15 - Adolescence – Cognitive Dev.

Ages 11 to 18. 15 - Adolescence – Cognitive Dev. Adolescent thinking. Egocentrism. Adolescent egocentrism Belief that they are more socially significant than they actually are Focusing on themselves more than others Personal fable - “I am unique ”

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15 - Adolescence – Cognitive Dev.

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  1. Ages 11 to 18 15 - Adolescence – Cognitive Dev.

  2. Adolescent thinking

  3. Egocentrism • Adolescent egocentrism • Belief that they are more socially significant than they actually are • Focusing on themselves more than others • Personal fable - “I am unique” • “My thoughts & feelings have not happened to anyone else” • Difficult to see another person’s perspective • Invincibility fable - “I will not be hurt” • Smoking, drugs, STD’s, high-speed driving • Does not apply to all adolescents • Imaginary audience - “Everyone is watching me” • Makes teenagers self-conscious

  4. Piaget’s formal operational thought • Fourth and final stage • Use abstract ideas • Hypothetical thought • Thinking of possibilities, not just reality • If-then propositions • E.g. Balance experiment • A 14 year old will understand that both weight and distance from the center must be considered when balancing a scale

  5. Deductive and inductive reasoning • Deductive – Top down • General to specific • Inductive – Bottom-up • Specific to general • Both are used in research

  6. Intuitive and Emotional thought

  7. Types of processing • Dual-process model of the brain • One network = emotional • One network = analytical

  8. Types of thought • Intuitive thought (Intuition) • From an emotion or hunch beyond rational explanation • Based on past experiences and cultural assumptions • Analytic thought • Depends of logic & rationality • Analysis of pros & cons, risks & consequences • Possibilities & facts

  9. Thinking fallacies • Sunk cost fallacy • “I have invested so much, I must keep going” • Know when to cut your losses • Base rate neglect fallacy • Ignoring the overall frequency or probability of an effect from a behavior • E.g. Smoking, not wearing a helmet • Lottery tickets & gambling

  10. Technology and Cognition (Learning)

  11. Positives with technology • Broadens students’ horizons • New education & experiences • Gets them past the egocentric thought • Reduces social isolation

  12. Negatives with technology • Internet addiction • Gambling or video games • Escape from problems • Cyberbullying • Spreading insults and rumors • Negative specialties • Cutting, extreme dieting, prejudice • Negatives result more from the antisocial attitudes and/or depression of the person, not the technology • Sexting, Facebook pages, etc

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