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English Colonies in America

English Colonies in America. Ch 2 Sec 2. England’s Early Exploration. John Cabot- sailed to America for England Landed in Canada (Nova Scotia) Never returned from 2 nd voyage England doesn’t pursue colonies (no $, Spain has claim, found no gold). The Reformation.

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English Colonies in America

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  1. English Colonies in America Ch 2 Sec 2

  2. England’s Early Exploration • John Cabot- sailed to America for England • Landed in Canada (Nova Scotia) • Never returned from 2nd voyage • England doesn’t pursue colonies (no $, Spain has claim, found no gold)

  3. The Reformation • 1517- Martin Luther accuses Catholic church of corruption • Start of the Protestant Reformation • Ideas of Luther expanded by John Calvin • Believed that churches should choose their own leaders, not the pope or king

  4. The English Reformation • Henry VIII is king of England • Wants a male heir • Wife- Catherine of Aragon has a daughter • Catherine is king of Spain’s aunt • Henry wants a divorce • The Pope, as leader of the church, will not grant it (didn’t want to upset Spain)

  5. The English Reformation • Henry founds the Church of England (Anglican) • Makes himself head of the church • Grants himself a divorce • The Anglican Church kept all of the organization and rituals of the Catholic Church • Some Anglicans began to want to Purify the Catholic influences • Called Puritans

  6. Economic Changes in England • 1500- lords own land and rent to tenant farmers • Early 1500s, there is a huge demand for English wool • Lords fence in land and start sheep farms • Called enclosure movement • Many tenants evicted • By 1550, wool prices fall • Joint-stock companies formed to find new market • Joint-stock company- individuals pool $- share in profit & loss

  7. Roanoke • England supports privateers to raid Spanish shipping • Need a base to operate in America • Walter Raleigh founds a colony to be a base • Colony called Roanoke • Governor of colony goes back to England to get supplies • Delayed 3 years • When he returns, colony is abandoned

  8. Jamestown - Early Trouble • Jamestown founded by Virginia Company • Most colonists didn’t know how to farm, fish or hunt • Upper-class colonists refuse to work • A strong leader emerged- John Smith • Traded with local Native Americans for food

  9. Tobacco Saves Jamestown • First few years were hard and unproductive • New crop made Jamestown profitable- tobacco • John Rolfe’s idea

  10. The House of Burgesses • To attract settlers, colonists are allowed to elect local officials • New assembly called House of Burgesses • First legislature in colonies

  11. Headright System • Promised 50 acres to anyone who paid for voyage to Jamestown • Also, an additional 50 acres for every person that came with you, over 15 year old • Caused families to immigrate

  12. A Royal Colony • Large migration to Jamestown causes a Native American attack • King fed up with trouble • Makes Virginia a royal colony • Royal colony- run by governor appointed by king

  13. Founding Maryland • Founded by George Calvert, Lord Baltimore • Baltimore is Catholic- but friendly to King James • Wants a safe haven for Catholics • Colony named Maryland • Is a propriety colony- Baltimore owns is all • Most settlers were Protestants

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