ADVANCED JUDGMENT

1. ADVANCED JUDGMENT

2. JUDGMENT Definitions • An authoritative or official decision based on laws, rules, or regulations • A judicial decision, especially one setting punishment • A position arrived at by reasoning • The ability to make sensible decisions

3. FOUNDATIONS OFGOOD JUDGMENT • Knowing and understanding: • The USA Hockey Playing Rules • The intent of each playing rule • Rule Interpretations • Combined Rule Book / Casebook • Penalty Guidelines • Intermediate Manual (.pdf copies available online) • USA Hockey Standards of Play • Game Experience

4. LEVELS OF JUDGMENT • Line calls are usually considered “black & white” calls • The infraction either occurred, or it didn’t • At younger and less-skilled levels, penalty calls also tend toward black & white judgment. • Infractions that should be penalized tend to be obvious • For older age groups and higher skill levels, officials' decisions tend to move beyond the obvious, and become more subtle, or “gray”

5. THE DECISION "BOX" "Out of the Box" "The Gray Area" "In the Box" Always a Penalty Sometimes a Penalty Never a Penalty

6. THE FIRST PENALTY • The most important call in most games. • Should not be a “marginal” call. • Should meet the “Always a Penalty” criteria • Be fully consistent with the Standards of Play

7. EARLY PENALTY CALLS • ... Set the tone for the game • ... Establish what the referee will, and will not, allow • ... Give meaning to, or can compromise, enforcement standards • Referees should “take the temperature” of the game in the first 10 minutes, and adjust the "Decision Box" accordingly

8. CONSISTENCY Consistency is the ability to instinctively make the same judgment calls from game-to-game, and during each game • It is achieved from game experience and understanding decision criteria • Consistency is among the qualities that separate an advanced official from a journeyman • Pattern of penalty calls and enforcement standards should tell players and coaches what a referee will, and will not, allow

9. ENFORCEMENT GUIDELINES • Consistent with the Standards of Play, a penalty must be called whenever any player action meets any of these criteria : • Flagrant or obvious • Injury potential • Fouls committed to intimidate an opponent • Body checks delivered for any purpose other than separating an opponent from the puck • Unfair change of possession or control (turnover) through unfair advantage gained • Unfair loss of legitimate scoring opportunity through unfair advantage gained • The objective of the Standards of Play is to reward skilled players by not allowing opponents to gain a competitive advantage by using illegal or intimidating tactics

10. INJURY POTENTIAL FOULS • The “Big Four” • Butt Ending • Spearing • Head Butting • Grabbing the Facemask • Includes using the hand to rub, grab, or hold the facemask in any way • ALWAYS A PENALTY! There is no gray area • Major plus game misconduct • Match penalty • There is no minor penalty option • Deliberately removing helmet (including an opponent’s helmet) prior to or during an altercation • Match Penalty (All youth, girls, and women’s classifications) • Game Misconduct (Adult men only)

11. AGGRESSIVE FOULS • Boarding, charging, checking from behind, head contact: • Penalty Options: • Minor plus misconduct or • Major plus Game Misconduct • There is no minor penalty option • Avoidable late hit, Body checking in a Body Contact or adult no-check classification, Cross-Checking, Elbowing, Kneeing, High Sticking, Slashing: • Penalty Options: • Minor or • Major or • Major plus game misconduct (if injury to an opponent results)

12. ENFORCEMENT STANDARDInjury Potential and Aggressive Fouls • Body Checking • Making deliberate physical contact with an opponent with no effort to legally play the puck • Using overt hip, shoulder or arm contact with the opponent to physically force them off the puck • Physically impeding the progress of the opponent with hips, shoulders or torso without establishing legal body contact and having no intent of playing the puck • Boarding • Accelerating through the check to a player who is in a vulnerable position off of the boards that causes them to go violently into the boards • Driving an opponent excessively into the boards with no focus on, or intent to play, the puck • Any other infraction (tripping, cross-checking, charging etc.) that causes the opponent to go violently and excessively into the boards

13. ENFORCEMENT STANDARDInjury Potential and Aggressive Fouls • Charging • Running or jumping into the opponent to deliver a check • Accelerating through a check for the purpose of punishing the opponent • Skating a great distance for the purpose of delivering a check with excessive force • Checking From Behind • Checking an opponent in open ice directly or diagonally from behind • Checking or pushing an opponent from behind directly into the boards or goal frame • Head Contact • Delivering a check with any part of the body that makes direct contact with the head or neck area • Using the forearm or hands to deliver a check to the head or neck area

14. ENFORCEMENT STANDARDInjury Potential and Aggressive Fouls • Slashing: • The use of the stick is limited to only playing the puck. • Any stick contact as a result of a slashing motion to the hands/ arms or body of the opponent will be strictly penalized. • In addition, hard slashes to the upper portion of the stick (just below the hands) of an opponent, with no attempt to legally play the puck, shall also be penalized. • Roughing (non-altercations) • Engaging in unnecessary contact in the vicinity of the goal crease after a whistle • Delivering an avoidable check to a player who no longer has control of the puck because of a pass or shot (“finishing” the check”)

15. RESTRAINING FOULS • Hooking, Tripping, Clipping, Leg Checking: • Penalty Options-- • Minor or • Major or • Major plus game misconduct (if injury to an opponent results) • Holding (except holding the face mask), Interference: • Penalty Options-- • Minor only

16. ENFORCEMENT STANDARDRESTRAINING FOULS • Hooking • Tugging or pulling on the body, arms or hands of the opponent in order to “close the gap” between the players • Placing the stick in front of an opponent’s body and “locking on” – impeding progress or causing loss of balance • Placing a stick on the hand or arm of an opponent that takes away the opponent’s ability to pass or shoot the puck normally • Tripping / Clipping / Leg Checking • Placing the stick in front of the opponent’s legs for the purpose of impeding progress, even if on the ice, with no effort to legally play the puck • Placing the stick between the legs of the opponent (“can opener” or “corkscrew”) that causes a loss of balance or impedes the progress of an opponent. • Attempting to take an opponent out of the playby extending a foot behind an opponent's foot andattempting to push him/her over (slew footing).

17. ENFORCEMENT STANDARDRESTRAINING FOULS • Holding • Wrapping one or both arms around the opponent along the boards in a manner that pins them against the boards and prevents them from playing the puck or skating. (NOTE: Pinning an opponent against the boards using body position ONLY remains legal) • Grabbing an opponent’s body, stick, or sweater with one or both hands • Using a free arm or hand to restrain or impede an opponent’s progress • Interference • Intentionally playing the body of an opponent who does not have possession or possession and control of the puck. • Using the body to establish a "pick" or "block" that prevents an opponent from being able to chase a puck carrier • Reducing foot speed or changing an established skating lane for the purpose of impeding an opponent who is attempting to chase a puck carrier

18. Game Reports • An official who assesses any major, game misconduct, or match penalty must also submit a game report through the USA Hockey online Incident Reporting System. • This includes major penalties that do not also carry an automatic game misconduct penalty • The narrative section of the report dialog does not need to be completed for any game report that involves only major penalties (i.e., no related game misconduct or match penalties) • Game Reports must be filed within 24 hours of the time the game ends • Game reports are not required for minor or double minor penalties

19. Enforcing Suspensions • USA Hockey Affiliate Associations have sole responsibility for monitoring and enforcing player suspensions. • Specific staff members within each Affiliate are assigned to monitor and enforce suspensions • Game officials are responsible only for assessing appropriate penalties and have no authority to enforce suspensions. • Game officials may not remove suspected ineligible players from any game or assess any penalties • A game report describing an official’s grounds for suspecting that a suspension is not being enforced must be promptly submitted to the governing Affiliate.

20. SUMMARY • At Level 3, good judgment and game-to-game consistency are expectations, rather than skills to be acquired in the future • Reading the Rule Book/Case Book once a year to prepare for tests is not enough. Advanced officials must have the self-discipline to frequently refresh their knowledge • Once acquired, sustaining judgment skills over time requires continuing adaptation to changes in playing rules, interpretations, and enforcement standards • Penalties must be assessed consistent with the Standards of Play • Game reports must submitted through the USA Hockey online Incident Reporting System for all stand-alone major penalties, game misconduct, and match penalties. • Affiliate Associations have responsibility for monitoring and enforcing suspensions relating to penalties reported through the incident reporting system.

21. QUESTIONS