1 / 21

Phylum Porifera - Sponges

Phylum Porifera - Sponges. Among the most ancient animals Mostly marine but some fresh water Porifera - literally means “pore bearer”, which is appropriate because they have tiny openings all over their body Once thought to be plants because they are sessile . What are Sponges?.

sinjin
Download Presentation

Phylum Porifera - Sponges

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Phylum Porifera-Sponges

  2. Among the most ancient animals • Mostly marine but some fresh water • Porifera- literally means “pore bearer”, which is appropriate because they have tiny openings all over their body • Once thought to be plants because they are sessile

  3. What are Sponges? • Multicellular, heterotrophic animals • They are very different from other animals • Scientist believe that the evolutionary line that lead to sponges is a dead end and produced no other animals

  4. Phylum Porifera – Internal Structures Porocytes = pore cells Choanocyte = collar cell Spongocoel = central cavity Mesohyl = jelly-like inner layer

  5. 1. Body Symmetry • Asymetrical (no symmetry)

  6. 2. Level of body organization • Cellular- assemblage of specialized cells • No tissues • No organs

  7. 3. Body Cavities/ Coeloms • Nothing that resembles a mouth or gut

  8. Feeding • Filter feeders – microscopic particles stick to collar cells and engulfed by endocytosis • Then passed on to amebocytes where it is digested and moved on to other parts of the cell

  9. Respiration • Water that flows through the sponge allows it to absorb oxygen and release CO2 into the water

  10. Internal Transport • Mostly done by the water that is filtered through sponges • Amebocytes

  11. Excretion • Metabolic waste is also carried away by the water that is moved through the sponge

  12. Response • No nerve system • Do not respond to stimuli

  13. Movement • Sessile • Attached to the substrate

  14. Reproduction • Reproduce asexually and sexually • Formation of gemmules

  15. Asexual • Reproduce by budding (really it is fragmentation) - part of the sponge simply falls off the parent and grows into a new sponge

  16. Gemmule Formation • When faced with cold winters gemmules are formed • Sphere shaped collections of amebocytes surrounded by a tough layer of spicules that can survive cold temperatures and drought • Reform into a sponge when conditions are favourable

  17. Sexual • Sperm are released into the water via the osculum • Amebocytes collect the incoming sperm and deliver it to the eggs in the body wall • Creates a zygote • Develops into a larvae that swims and is carried away by water • Later settle down and create a new sponge

  18. Boring Sponges • Clean up the ocean floor

  19. Symbiotic relationships • Blue-green algae • Plant like protists • Provide oxygen to the sponge and clean up waste

  20. Human Use • Cleaned dried sponges can be used for bathing • A compound in a Caribbean sponge may be useful against leukemia and the herpes virus • May be the answer to powerful antibiotics • Can possibly fight against certain forms of arthritis

More Related