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Temperature Regulation in Mammals: Behavioral Strategies and Physiological Responses

Explore how mammals regulate body temperature through behaviors and anatomical adaptations. Learn about thermoneutral zones, fever mechanisms, hibernation, and sperm maturation. Discover the unique strategies of dolphins and fish in maintaining thermal balance.

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Temperature Regulation in Mammals: Behavioral Strategies and Physiological Responses

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  1. Temperature Regulation in Heterotherms and Homeotherms • First Response – Behavioral • Conduction and Anatomy – Big Ears • Counter Current circulation in Fish • Sexy Dolphins • Insect Flight Warm-up • Brown Fat and Hibernation • Fever • The Thermostat

  2. Maturation of sperm in mammals requires cooling below 37oC. In most mammals, the testes are held outside the body core to prevent overheating. Dolphins retain testes internally, but a specialized rete connects to the flukes to bring cooler blood to the area. Heat Exchangers in Dolphins

  3. Billfish – eye muscles are modified as heater tissue

  4. Saves the metabolic cost of maintaining body temperature Large mammals enter tupor or sleep, but their body temperature only falls a few decrees Small mammals hibernate and reduce heart rate to 10% of normal. Reduced metabolism and Vitamin C protect cells. Tupor, Sleeping and Hibernation

  5. Human Temp Regulation • Normal body temperature is 37oC. Convulsions occur at 41oC and there is no survival above 43oC • The thermoneutral zone is from 25 to 30 oC, above and below that physiological mechanisms increase heat loss or gain.

  6. Fever resets the hypothalamic thermostat. Chemical messages themed endogenous pyrogens are released from macrophages in the presence of bacteria. Endogenous pyrogens (mostly interleukins) act on thermoreceptros in the hypothalamus by stimulating a release of prostaglandins which alter the release of thermoreceptor firing. Aspirin lowers fever by inhibiting prostaglandins.

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