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International Cooperation in Digital Libraries CoLIS 3 - 25 May 1999. Edward A. Fox Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA fox@vt.edu. DLs: Why of Global Interest?. National projects can preserve antiquities and heritage: cultural, historical, linguistic, scholarly
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International CooperationinDigital LibrariesCoLIS 3 - 25 May 1999 Edward A. Fox Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA fox@vt.edu
DLs: Why of Global Interest? • National projects can preserve antiquities and heritage: cultural, historical, linguistic, scholarly • Knowledge and information are essential to economic and technological growth, education • DL - a domain for international collaboration • wherein all can contribute and benefit • which leverages investment in networking • which provides useful content on Internet & WWW • which will tie nations and peoples together more strongly and through deeper understanding
SMETE Library(from www.dlib.org) • Context: Global movement toward Digital Libraries (see April 1998 CACM) • NSF effort: Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology Education Digital Library (focussed on undergraduates) • 3 workshops, yearly increasing funds / new calls • ex., www.cstc.org - CS Teaching Center • SMETE Library likely to operate as distributed federation, with separate parts for each key discipline, and to lead to a global effort
Domain: graduate education, research Genre:ETDs=electronic theses & dissertations Submission: http://etd.vt.edu Collection: http://www.theses.org Project: Networked Digital Library of Theses & Dissertations (NDLTD) http:// www.ndltd.org A Digital Library Case Study
US University Members • Air University (Alabama) • Cal Tech • Clemson University • College of William & Mary • Concordia University (Illinois) • East Tenn. State University • Florida Institute of Tech. • Florida International University • Michigan Tech • Naval Postgraduate School (CA) • North Carolina State U. • Penn. State University • Rochester Institute of Tech. • U. of Florida • U. of Georgia • University of Hawaii, Manoa • U. of Iowa • U. of Maine • U. of Oklahoma • U. of South Florida • U. of Tennessee, Knoxville • U. of Tennessee, Memphis • U. of Texas at Austin • U. of Virginia • U. Wisconsin - Madison • Vanderbilt U. • Virginia Tech - required since 1/97 • West Virginia U. - required beginning fall 1998 • Worcester Polytechnic Inst.
Australian Project Members • U. New South Wales (lead institution) • U. of Melbourne • U. of Queensland • U. of Sydney • Australian National University • Curtin U. of Technology • Griffith U.
German Project Members • Humboldt University (lead institution) • 3 other universities • 5 learned societies • 1 computing center • 2 major libraries
Other International Members • Chinese University of Hong Kong • Chungnam National U., Dept of CS (S. Korea) • City University, London (UK) • Darmstadt U. of Tech. (Germany) • Gyeongsang National U. (Korea) • India Institute of Technology, Bombay (India) • Nanyang Technological U. (Singapore, part) • National U. of Singapore (Singapore, part) • *National Library of Portugal • Polytechnic University of Valencia (Spain) • Rhodes U. (South Africa) • St. Petersburg St. Tech.U (Russia) • Univ. de las Américas Puebla (Mexico) • U. Laval; U. of Guelph; U. Waterloo; Wilfrid Laurier U. (Canada)
Key Ideas: Networked infrastructure University collaboration Scalability Workflow, automation Education is the rationale Authors must submit Maximal access Standards PDF, SGML, MM MARC, DC, URNs Federated search
User Search Support(multilingual, XML) Note: All groups shown are connected with NDLTD.
What are we doing? • Aiding universities to enhance grad educ., publishing and IPR efforts • Helping improve the availability and content of theses and dissertations • Educating ALL future scholars so they can publish electronically and effectively use digital libraries (i.e., are Information Literate and can be more expressive) - >100,000 per year
Why might you want to be involved? (www.ndltd.org/join) • To improve graduate education / better prepare your students • To unlock university information • To save money for students and for the university / improve workflow • To build an important digital library supported by SURA, US Dept. Ed., UNESCO, Adobe, IBM, OCLC, ...
Questions from Asian DL Workshop, Hong Kong ‘98 • Is there global understanding of DL? • Will people take action beyond talking about int’l collaboration? • What frameworks for int’l collaboration will be established? • Will there be support from gov’t, industry, and academia?
International Digital Libraries Association - Rob Akscyn (rma@ks.com) • 1st Summit on International Cooperation on Digital Libraries, 27-28 June 1998, Pittsburgh, PA [Held immediately following Digital Libraries '98] • 2nd Summit …, 14 Aug. 1999, Berkeley, CA [following ACM DL ‘99 - accessible from http://fox.cs.vt.edu/DL99]
1st Summit - Issues - 1of 5 • 1. Is international cooperation on digital libraries necessary, and why? • 2. What are the truly important benefits of digital libraries and how might they be realized -- specifically by international cooperation -- while at the same time not being oversold via a never-ending series of grandiose pronouncements?
1st Summit - Issues - 1of 5 • 1. Is international cooperation on digital libraries necessary, and why? • 2. What are the truly important benefits of digital libraries and how might they be realized -- specifically by international cooperation -- while at the same time not being oversold via a never-ending series of grandiose pronouncements? • Reduce duplication, Increase cultural diversity, Ensure interoperability
1st Summit - Issues - 2 of 5 • 3. What goals should be set for international cooperation? Who should set them? And how might a critical mass of effort be accumulated to make timely progress? • 4. What organizational mechanisms are appropriate for fostering international cooperation? What other models of international cooperation have worked and not worked?
1st Summit - Issues - 2 of 5 • 3. What goals should be set for international cooperation? Who should set them? And how might a critical mass of effort be accumulated to make timely progress? • 4. What organizational mechanisms are appropriate for fostering international cooperation? What other models of international cooperation have worked and not worked? • Increased communication , an IDL Reqt document, Exemplary efforts (multilingual, interoperable)
1st Summit - Issues - 3 of 5 • 5. How will all the cooperating participants benefit -- so that the effort invested is a win-win for all? • 6. What specific programs and projects should be undertaken, and how can these avoid fragmentation and oneupmanship? • 7. How can results be achieved in graduated, incremental steps -- versus attempting the ever-deadly quantum leaps?
1st Summit - Issues - 3 of 5 • 5. How will all the cooperating participants benefit -- so that the effort invested is a win-win for all? • 6. What specific programs and projects should be undertaken, and how can these avoid fragmentation and oneupmanship? • 7. How can results be achieved in graduated, incremental steps -- versus attempting the ever-deadly quantum leaps? • Common problem, e.g., Digital preservation??? Area: disaster relief, environment, children’s stories, educ., DL2. Approach: Internet/Web
1st Summit - Issues - 4 of 5 • 8. What is a realistic time frame for achieving these goals so that unachievable expectations are not spawned in the first place? What might be demonstrable (and heartening) progress in the interim? • 9. What level of government funding is needed? How should that funding be sourced? Among what objectives should that funding be allocated and how?
1st Summit - Issues - 4 of 5 • 8. What is a realistic time frame for achieving these goals so that unachievable expectations are not spawned in the first place? What might be demonstrable (and heartening) progress in the interim? • 9. What level of government funding is needed? How should that funding be sourced? Among what objectives should that funding be allocated and how? • 5-10 years; $5-10M/year; Plans/milestones
1st Summit - Issues - 5 of 5 • 10. How will the digital library paradigm be respectful of, but made part of, everyday activity -- especially across international boundaries? • 11. What should be done next, following this Summit, and who will do it?
1st Summit - Issues - 5 of 5 • 10. How will the digital library paradigm be respectful of, but made part of, everyday activity -- especially across international boundaries? • 11. What should be done next, following this Summit, and who will do it? • Ongoing projects inherently collaborative and widely used by large numbers in many countries • Many nations funding of planning (,) meetings, development, operation, as well as basic research