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World Bank Research and the Singapore Meetings

World Bank Research and the Singapore Meetings. L. Alan Winters Director Development Research Group. New thinking about development in a nutshell. Poverty reduction Growth is a necessary condition Global interdependence Institutions and governance Market and state are complementary.

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World Bank Research and the Singapore Meetings

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  1. World Bank Research and the Singapore Meetings L. Alan WintersDirectorDevelopment Research Group

  2. New thinking about development in a nutshell • Poverty reduction • Growth is a necessary condition • Global interdependence • Institutions and governance • Market and state are complementary. • Development is country-specific. • Systematic evaluation of policies • Lack of access to opportunities is inefficient. ABCDE Europe

  3. Lending Impact Evaluation Experience Policy Dialogue, ESW, TA Knowledge Bank Research Learning Lending, learning, and knowledge DevelopmentCommunity More aid and lending is channeled through the Bank because of its analytical capacity and its voice in the global debate Better knowledge of development issues increases volume and quality of lending Lending and aid monitoring produce important lessons of development Bank research generates findings and products that form the core of global knowledge on development ABCDE Europe

  4. Impact of research • Operational activities: e.g. • Data and analytic tools developed for poverty analysis • New lines of Bank business • Moving away from some forms of intervention • Advocacy role on global issues: Trade, Doha Round • Influences world opinion, research agendas and policy priorities. ABCDE Europe

  5. Evidence of impact • Quality and effectiveness of Bank operations increased by • high-quality analytical work • inclusion of researchers in team • Shaping lending strategies and operations. • Bank staff rely on DEC’s outputs • Tools – e.g. 1-2-3; PETS • Impact on policy makers • in developing countries. • In developed countries – e.g. trade talks, ODA policies • Impact on academic community ABCDE Europe

  6. Citations Per Article: Economics, Business and Social Sciences Journals Number of Number of Average cites papers cites per paper All papers 134,887 230,400 1.71 World Bank 1,135 4,121 3.63 DECRG 520 2,194 4.22 Source: ISI Thomson Scientific Database, 1998-2003. ABCDE Europe

  7. Organizing research • Outsourcing? • Much, but need internal capacity:Direction, access, nature, resource • Split 50/50 central vs. decentralized • Specialization vs. competition and responsiveness • DEC researchers circulate in the Bank ABCDE Europe

  8. DEC Research Group About 80 researchers • “walks on two legs” • Excellence = prerequisite for effectiveness • DEC research evolves slowly • Complements research done outside DEC and the Bank • Part of the international development research community ABCDE Europe

  9. Criteria: The PIPPA Code Research should: • be path-breaking • have complete integrity • be policy-relevant • be practical • be accessible and communicated clearly ABCDE Europe

  10. DECRG: Thematic teams • International Trade • Growth and Investment • Finance • Poverty Dynamics & Pro-Poor Growth • Public Service Delivery and Human Development • Rural Development • Environment and Infrastructure ABCDE Europe

  11. Recent additions to the research program • Growth and equity • Global issues • Impact evaluation ABCDE Europe

  12. Growth and equity • Investment climate • Access to finance • Urbanization and agglomeration • Debt, financial crises • Pro-poor growth ABCDE Europe

  13. Growth and equity II • Public Services for the Poor • Provider Behavior • Political Economy • Progress toward the MDGs • Aid effectiveness • Equity and development • WDR 2006 ABCDE Europe

  14. Global issues • International trade • Migration • Brain Drain • Temporary mobility of labor • Measuring the flows • Relation to trade and FDI flows • Remittances • Security and development • Development, terrorism and drug trafficking • Conflict and Post-conflict development ABCDE Europe

  15. Evaluation of policy impact • Causal links between interventions and outcomes - counterfactual • Randomized trials, e.g. in education, health, infrastructure, or cash transfers • Policies with economy-wide impact (e.g. trade, financial reforms)—macro-micro links ABCDE Europe

  16. China and India • Over 40 percent of world population • Growing rapidly – global phenomenon • Federal • Data availability • Local capacity • Different models of development ABCDE Europe

  17. Recent research on China • Investment climate • 2001, 2002, 2004, 2005/6 • Poverty reduction and inequality • Pro-poor growth • Poor area program, social protection • Survey compliance • Poverty mapping • WTO accession ABCDE Europe

  18. Recent research on China II • Financial Sector • General policy • Deposit insurance • Efficiency of credit allocation • Property rights vs. access to finance • Environment • Industrial pollution – disclosure • Health damage • Water provision ABCDE Europe

  19. Recent research on India • Investment climate • Round 3 panel – policy changes • Informal firms • Urban policy • Slum dwellers • Productivity in cities • Road safety • Rural-urban migration ABCDE Europe

  20. Recent research on India II • Service delivery • Absenteeism • Incentives, information • Decentralisation • Nutritional programs • Community driven development • Local democracy • Caste (including experiments) • Employment guarantee ABCDE Europe

  21. Singapore 2006 China and India in the global economy • Lessons • Comparisons • Effects on rest of the world • Thematic Studies • Regional Studies • Collaborative – regional researchers ABCDE Europe

  22. Thematic studies • Growth: urbanization and jobs • International Trade • Resources and Emissions • Domestic and international savings • Governance patterns • Poverty and inequality (regional) ABCDE Europe

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