Reviewing the Documents in Unit 3 packet

1. Reviewing the Documents in Unit 3 packet Miss Springborn Team 6

2. Document #2- Jacob Riis • Why is it so dark in the tenement? • Few windows • Where do the people get their water? • Firehydrants, hallway sinks • Why does Riis show a difference between the poor people in the tenements and paupers? • They are trying their best to make a better life for themselves and families but can’t; they need help

3. Document #3- Political Bosses

4. Document #3 • What is the source of the cartoon? • The New York Times • What is the caption of the cartoon? • Who stole the people’s money? Do Tell. ‘Twas Him • What are the people doing? • Pointing at each other, blaming each other for stealing the money • What is the “Tammany Ring” referring to? • Tammany Hall political machine • What is the message of the cartoon? • Tammany Hall and Boss Tweed stole money from the public and none of them will take the blame

5. Document #3 Continued • Why did Thomas Nast choose to expose Boss Tweed to the American public? • HE WAS SICK AND TIRED OF THE ILLEGAL DEALINGS THAT WERE GOING ON IN NYC. HE ALSO WANTED TO HELP SAVE THE CITY FROM CORRUPTION. • Why was Thomas Nast more successful in exposing Boss Tweed with his cartoons than an author who wrote a book? • NOT EVERYONE COULD READ (THEY DIDN’T GO TO SCHOOL), BUT THEY COULD LOOK AT A CARTOON AND FIGURE OUT WHAT IT WAS SAYING.

6. Document #4- Upton Sinclair • What kinds of things happened to the meat that people had to eat? • SOAKED IN CHEMICALS; IT WOULD SPOIL & BE DOSED WITH BORAX & REUSED • What class of people probably read this book and why? • THE WEALTHY BECAUSE THE POOR DID NOT GO TO SCHOOL • What impact did this book have on the public? • THE PUBLIC WAS OUTRAGED • What acts were passed due to the publishing of The Jungle? • THE MEAT INSPECTION ACT AND THE PURE FOOD AND DRUG ACT

7. Document #4- Ida Tarbell • Why has Standard Oil been able to continue with their unfair business practices for so long? • THEY USED FORCE AND FRAUD • What excuse is given for men in business that use unfair practices? • “IT’S BUSINESS” • Why do people admire John D. Rockefeller rather than hate him? • BECAUSE THEY WANT TO BE RICH AND SUCCESSFUL LIKE HIM • According to the author, what is the first task of the American people? • TO SECURE FREE AND EQUAL TRANSPORTATION PRIVILEGES BY RAIL, PIPE AND WATERWAY • What does “a leech on our pockets, a barrier to our free efforts” mean and what is the author referring to? • THAT ROCKEFELLER IS STEALING MONEY FROM PEOPLE’S POCKETS AND BLOCKING THEIR FREEDOM IN TRANSPORTATION.

8. Document #6- Lewis Hines

9. Document #6 • What is going on in this picture? • CHILDREN WORKING IN GLASS WORKS • What was Lewis Hine trying to expose in his book Kids at Work? • HORRIBLE CONDITIONS THAT CHILDREN WERE FORCED TO WORK IN • Why might have Lewis Hine’s job been dangerous? • FACTORY OWNERS DO NOT WANT PEOPLE TO KNOW THEY HAVE CHILDREN WORKING IN THEIR FACTORIES

10. Skip page 10 for now… Go on to page 11

11. Document #7- Hull House First Section main ideas: SETTLEMENT HOUSES WERE SET UP TO PROVIDE COMMUNITY SERVICES TO EASE URBAN PROBLEMS; HULL HOUSE PROVIDED DAY CARE, SOUP KITCHEN, NURSES FOR THE ILL, MEETING PLACE FOR UNIONS, EDUCATION

12. Document #7- Hull House Second Section main ideas: JANE ADDAMS AND RESIDENTS OF HULL HOUSE LOBBIED POLITICAL OFFICIALS TO URGE LAWS TO BE PASSED TO BENEFIT THE COMMUNITY

13. Document #7- Hull House Third Section main ideas: JANE ADDAMS AND OTHERS LIKE HER WERE PART OF THE PROGRESSIVE MOVEMENT; TEDDY ROOSEVELT RAN AS THE PROGRESSIVE PARTY CANDIDATE FOR PRESIDENT IN 1912

14. Document #7- Hull House Fourth Section main ideas: JANE ADDAMS ALSO WORKED FOR OTHER CAUSES LIKE WOMEN’S SUFFRAGE, AND FOR CIVIL RIGHTS

15. Document #7 questions What issue did Jane Addams tackle and why? POVERTY, TO IMPROVE CONDITIONS IN CITIES Was Jane Addams a muckraker? Why or why not?  NO, SHE WORKED TO IMPROVE CONDITIONS, NOT EXPOSE THEM

16. Document #8- Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire • How many deaths were there? • 141 • What made the fire spread so quickly? • Shirtwaist trimmings • What were the causes of death? • Smoke, burns, jumping out windows • What prevented people from escaping the building? • Only one fire escape, locked doors, no aisle room between machines • Give examples of panic among workers. • Jumping out windows • What do the workers need in order to be prepared for a fire? • Fire drills

17. End of Child Labor A photographer by the name of LEWIS HINE took photos of kids working adult jobs. His goal was to expose the very serious problem of CHILD LABOR. He was successful and many different CHILD LABOR LAWS were passed.

18. OTHER CHANGES IN THE WORKPLACE During INDUSTRIALIZATION a lot of problems began in the factories. CONDITIONS were horrible and workers were paid LOW wages for long HOURS. Workers decided to unite and form LABOR UNIONS and go on STRIKE for better conditions, wages, and hours. They, after a really long fight, were finally successful

19. Other Changes in Workplace: • Some wage laws were passed which stated a MINIMUM wage that must be paid by employers. • Workman’s COMPENSATION insurance was established which gave workers hurt on the job a cushion. • SAFETY LAWS were passed to ensure worker safety on the job.

20. Changes in Big Business CHANGES IN BIG BUSINESS and THE GOVERNMENT The CLAYTON ANTITRUST ACT was passed to prevent the formation of trusts and monopolies.

21. Changes in Big Business

22. Document #9, pg. 16 During this time period Teddy Roosevelt was given the nickname of the “Trustbuster”. According to these cartoons, why was he given this nickname? ROOSEVELT WAS TRYING TO STOP TRUSTS (MONOPOLIES) FROM BECOMING TOO POWERFUL TO MAKE IT FAIR FOR CONSUMERS

23. Document #9, pg. 16 Due to corruption in the government, Wisconsin governor Robert Lafollette developed ideas to give VOTERS more power. He believed that if VOTERS had more power, CORRUPTION in the government would go down. The ideas he proposed were RECALL, so that elected representatives could be removed from office; PRIMARY to ensure that voters select candidates to run for office, rather than party bosses; REFERENDUM allows voters to decide if a bill or proposed amendment should be passed and INITIATIVE allows voters to propose a bill to state legislatures.

24. Page 19 Using the worksheet you have been given match up the right solution with each problem Write the NUMBER in the solution box when you make a match When you have all matched up have them checked by the teacher to make sure they are correct Once you know you have them all correct, for homework cut out the solutions and glue/paste/tape them into the right spot

25. WOMEN’S RIGHTS The Women’s rights movement got its start in a place called SENECA FALLS in 1848. Here women from around the U.S. met to decide what they wanted to fight for and drafted the DECLARATION OF SENTIMENTS. What did they decide to fight for? SUFFRAGE

26. IRON JAWED ANGELS Women’s suffrage movement Define suffrage: THE RIGHT TO VOTE So what is women’s suffrage? WOMEN’S RIGHT TO VOTE

27. Movie Questions: Iron Jawed Angels To be completed in class while watching the movie

28. Temperance Movement Women were also fighting to make alcohol illegal. This was called the TEMPERANCE MOVEMENT. They were successful with the passage of the 18TH AMENDMENT in 1919. One of the main people involved in this movement was a woman named CARRIE NATION. She was known for going into bars with her HATCHET and chopping them up destroying everything she came across.

29. Carry Nation

30. Carry Nation Cartoon Questions • Who is the woman in the cartoon? • CARRIE NATION • What is the camel’s name? • PROHIBITION • What is the message of this cartoon? • CARRIE NATION USED EXTREME MEASURES TO ENFORCE PROHIBITION.

31. CIVIL RIGHTS • RIGHTS GUARANTEED TO ALL PEOPLE – voting, speech, religion • Even though the 15TH AMENDMENT was passed giving African-American men the right to vote, there were several things that went into place to prevent them from voting. The GRANDFATHER CLAUSE said that if your grandfather did not vote, you could not. The LITERACY TESTS were put in place and if you could not read/write, you could not vote; and finally POLL TAXES were charged and if you could not afford them, you could not vote.

32. CIVIL RIGHTS • JIM CROW LAWS__ • After the Civil War these laws went into effect in the South • Blacks were excluded from white society – legal segregation • PLESSY VS FERGUSON__ • Supreme Court Case in 1896 • Segregation of schools was legal • Court ruled “separate but equal” – blacks and whites could have separate schools as long as schools could provide an equal education to all students • Schools were NOT equal