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Research issues

Delve into the world of research methodology, ethical considerations, and best practices. From defining the question to publication, learn to conduct research effectively and ethically. Explore challenges, methods, and qualities of a good researcher.

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Research issues

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  1. Research issues Christiane Grünloh Maria Svedin Nino Amvrosiadi 21.01.2013

  2. Doing Research Research entails a systematic search for knowledge • Different types of research • Hypothesis-generating / -testing research • Research using qualitative / quantitative methods • Research explaining phenomena by means of natural law • Research increasing and deepening knowledge about events processes or texts • Basic research / applied or commissioned research • Research combined with healthcare • … Petersson et al. 2006 Hermerén, 2011

  3. Doing Research (excerpt) • Before • Choose and precisely define research question • Plan the study so that it allows to answer the question • Choose methods with the fewest imaginable harmful consequences • Choose research subjects nonarbitrary, provide information, obtain their consent, make sure they have insurance coverage • … • During • Apply the methods correctly and competently, avoid risks • Analyse material systematically and critically • Don’t exclude “unwanted” observations, handle dropouts accurately. Evaluate the reliability of the results. • Keep record about the progressing work • … Petersson et al. 2006 Hermerén, 2011

  4. Doing Research (excerpt) • After • Exhibit clarity, order and structure within the whole project, the documentation, the report • Publication, retention and archiving of material • … • Throughout the whole project • Observe the ethical criteria and reflect on the project • Comply with basic research ethics principles • Evaluate total quality of research; weigh benefit of research and the scientific value of its expected result against its harmful consequences • Take into consideration the determination of research • … Petersson et al. 2006 Hermerén, 2011

  5. Doing Research • Challenges: • Choosing the right method: Generalizability and Objectivity can stand in opposition to the interest and “depth” of the scientific claim • Optimize the possibilities to use the positive effects of research • Minimize the negative ones • Abide to the Uppsala-Code: Avoid research that can lead to ecological harm or the development of weapons, or that is in conflict with basic human rights. • ... Petersson et al. 2006 Hermerén, 2011

  6. Who is a good researcher? • ”Good researchers seek and speak the truth.” (ICSU report, 2008) OR • Good researchers successfully conduct research as it is defined above.

  7. Once good in something, good in everything? • A brilliant mind need not always be accompanied by a pure heart. • Our judgement is not objective: • If good researcher, he/she is also entitled as moral person in the back of our head • If not moral person, we don’t easily characterize him/her as good researcer.

  8. Can we accept a description as: A great researcher that was also a criminal? Or even: A criminal that was also a great researcher?

  9. References Petersson et al. 2006 Bengt Petersson, Göran Hermerén, and Bo Gustafsson (2006) Goodresearchpractice - whatisit? Views, guidelinesandexamples. ICSU report, 2008 International Council for Science (2008) Freedom, Responsibility and Universality of Science; ISBN 978-0-930357-68-9 Hermerén, 2011 Göran Hermerén (2011) Goodresearchpractice.

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