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Electron Configurations

Electron Configurations. How to write them for atoms of any element. Electron Configuration. To write electron configurations for atoms of any element….. Determine the number of electrons in the atom Learn the order of the basic orbitals

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Electron Configurations

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  1. Electron Configurations How to write them for atoms of any element

  2. Electron Configuration • To write electron configurations for atoms of any element….. • Determine the number of electrons in the atom • Learn the order of the basic orbitals 3. Fill orbitalsbased on number of electrons

  3. Electron Configuration • The s orbital set(any number followed by an "s") contains a single orbital, • By Pauli's Exclusion Principle, a single orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, • So each s orbital set can hold 2 electrons.

  4. Electron Configuration • The p orbitalset contains 3 orbitals, and thus can hold a total of 6 electrons. • The d orbitalset contains 5 orbitals, so it can hold 10 electrons. • The f orbitalset contains 7 orbitals, so it can hold 14 electrons.

  5. Electron Configuration • Memorize the order of the orbitals. Note that orbital sets are numbered by electron shell, but ordered in terms of energy. For instance, a filled 4s2 is lower energy (or less potentially volatile) than a partially-filled or filled 3d10, so the 4s shell is listed first.

  6. Electron Configuration • Put one electron into the highest energy orbital available, starting with 1s (holds a maximum of two electrons). Be careful! Do not fill the orbitals in the order shown in the chart! Fill the orbitals in the correct order (the superscript number following the orbital set is the maximum number of electrons it can hold): • 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d107p6

  7. Electron Configuration • 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2 4f14 5d10 6p6 7s2 5f14 6d107p6 • If all the shells were filled, this would be the electron configuration for Uuo (ununoctium), 118, the highest-numbered atom on the periodic table - so this electron configuration contains every currently known electron shell for a neutrally charged atom.

  8. Electron Configuration • Note: Energy level changes as you go up. For example, when you are about to go up to the 4th energy level, it becomes 4s first, then 3d. After the fourth energy level, you'll move onto the 5th where it follows the order once again. This only happens after the 3rd energy level.

  9. To determine the order in which electrons will fill orbitals in an atom, • use the diagonal rule below. • 1s • 2s 2p • 3s 3p 3d • 4s 4p 4d 4f • 5s 5p 5d 5f • 6s 6p 6d 6f • 7s 7p 7d 7f • Start at the top • and when you reach the end of one arrow, • return to the next, working your way down.

  10. Electron Configuration – Chem. • PRACTICE……………. • Even Numbered Elements #2-40* • Write the names of the elements • Identify and write the number of electrons for each • Then write the electron configurations for each of them * # 2 He, # 4 Be, # 6 C, # 8 O etc…….to # 40 Zr

  11. Electron Configuration – Pre AP Chemistry • PRACTICE……………. • Write the names of the elements • Identify the number of electrons for each • Then write the electron configurations for each of them • Elements: Na, Cl, Kr, Sr, Pb, K, N, Al, Br, Ar, Sn, Ba, Se, F, and O

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