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Week 1.2

Delve into the relationship between music and physics, from elements of sound to concepts like speed, distance, and frequency. Discover the origins of music instruments and the science behind pleasant and unpleasant sounds.

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Week 1.2

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  1. Week 1.2 Some Fundamental Items from PHYSICS

  2. From Our Discussion • Elements of Music • Structured/Designed Sound • Some pleasant – bells, most musical instruments • Some nasty – whip • Some intermediate - drums • Rhythm (time) • Tones (Not defined, though) • Loudness (not actually listed, nor defined) • Pleasurable ???? • Message ???? • We listened to some interesting samples of music. We will be listening to much more.

  3. Bone Flute – Music is older than I am! 40,000 years or more Neanderthal

  4. Where did instruments come from???

  5. What does this mean?

  6. Lightening • Takes time to get to you or you are in big trouble. • Speed = distance/time • What is distance? • What is time?

  7. Sound --- A “disturbance”

  8. Important Definitions • Length or Distance • How “far” something moves or travels. • Measured against some agreed upon standard. Length Standard .. The Gorf 1 2 3 4 1/8 = 4 1/8 Gorfs Unknown Length

  9. The real standard: The Meter

  10. Systems of Units • SI Units …. Meters, Seconds, Newtons/Kilograms • English System ….. Feet/yards, seconds, pounds/poundals

  11. More Important Definitions • TIME • The subjective “distance” between two EVENTS. • It needs to be objective … ie measurable and reproducible. • Original Clock – The Earth’s Rotation • “It is two days journey” • Today’s Clocks – • “He ran the race in 4 hours, 2 minutes and 21.85 seconds”

  12. Things that “tick” at some rate • The planet … once a day • The Pendulum .. Depends on a number of things; • Parameters: Mounting Length Weight, whatever that is.

  13. In case you care We will discuss this “g-thing” when we get to acceleration.

  14. Sun Clock

  15. Water Clocks

  16. And so on … Rolex (~$10K) Atomic Clock (NASA) $ megabucks

  17. The music clock: the Metronome 112 quarter notes per minute. Tempo Kind of Pendulum

  18. We hear music (and other noise) in our ears. Sound

  19. And you didn’t even know that you have one! Sound pushes against your TympanicMembrane

  20. D d Inside your head To Brain

  21. 100 snail distance (meters) 50 rabbit 1 2 time (seconds) A graph … what does it all mean?

  22. 1.5 1 0.5 0 disturbance 0 5 10 15 20 25 -0.5 -1 -1.5 Time (seconds) Another Graph .. a biggy!

  23. Important Definitions The PERIOD, T is the time it takes to go from one condition to the next time that exact condition is repeated. The frequency, the number of oscillations per second, is given by:

  24. Siren … a scientific instrument

  25. The Graph

  26. 100 Bottles of beer on the wall …

  27. Resonance (later) Loudness Rotational Speed (Turns/second)

  28. Helmholtz Resonators

  29. Piano Keyboard

  30. Helmholtz’s Results

  31. Next ... Fun with Strings

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