20.2 Northwest Ordinance

1. 20.2 Northwest Ordinance

2. Standard 8.9.3 Describe the significance of the Northwest Ordinance in education and in the banning of slavery in new states north of the Ohio River. 20.2L

3. Daily Guided Questions • What were the main points of the Northwest Ordinance? • What was the impact of the Northwest Ordinance on slavery?

4. Silent Reading • Read pg. 81, 84-85. • Write a 60 word reflection on the readings. • You have 5 minutes.

5. Land Ordinances • To help settle the lands west of the Appalachian Mountains after the Revolutionary War Congress passed two land ordinances (laws, regulations). • Land Ordinance of 1785 -System of land sales and settlement. -Townships of 6 miles sq. -Farms 1 mile sq.

6. Northwest Ordinance of 1787 • Help settle lands north of the Ohio River. • Banned Slavery • Set aside one section in each township to public schools or colleges. • Church (religious) Schools, Dame (women) Schools, Home Schooling, Boarding Schools, and Private Tutors.

8. 3-Steps to Statehood • Congress appointed -governor -secretary -3 judges • Once 5,000 free males , voted legislature. • Once a pop. of 60, 000, terr. could apply for statehood. • Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, and Wisconsin

9. Abolitionist Movement Main Idea The spread of reform movements led to calls for freedom of African American slaves. Why It Matters Now Abolitionists of the time inspired 20th century reformers.

10. Standard 8.9.1 Describe the leaders of the Abolitionist movement. (e.g., John Quincy Adams and his proposed constitutional amendment, John Brown and the armed resistance, Harriet Tubman and the Underground Railroad, Benjamin Franklin, Theodore Weld, William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass). 20.2

11. Daily Guided Questions • What were the two main goals of the abolitionist movement? • What was the Underground Railroad? • How did William Lloyd Garrison and Fredrick Douglass try to end slavery? • How did Harriet Tubman and others involved in the Underground Railroad try to end slavery? • How did John Brown and other like him try to end slavery?

12. Early Movements • Quakers, condemned slavery on religious and moral grounds. • Alex. Hamilton & Ben. Franklin, violated basic principle of Dec. of Independence. - “…all men are created equal…”

13. Slavery Ends in the North • 1780-1804, northern states abolition slavery. • Congress bans slavery in the Northwest Territory. -Ohio (1803) first state to ban slavery in their constitution.

14. Abolitionists • Abolish- to get rid of. • To end the spread of slavery. • To bring a legal end to slavery.

15. American Colonization Movement • Est. 1817 anti-slavery organization. • Free slaves and send them back to Africa. • Liberia (colony founded 1822 , west coast of Africa). • Didn’t work.

16. Growing Opposition • 2nd Great Awakening (religious movement). • Charles Finney- preached about the evils of slavery. • Theodore Weld- minister who led revivals, anti-slavery rallies.

17. William Lloyd Garrison • Quaker, opposed violence to end slavery. • Asked for full rights for slaves. • The Liberator- abolitionist newspaper. • Co-founded New England Anti-Slavery Society.

18. Harriet Beecher Stowe • Author of Uncle Tom’s Cabin. -Portrayed the moral evils of slavery. -Form of propaganda.

19. African American Abolitionists • David Walker -demanded slaves to rebel and not wait to get freedom.

20. Frederick Douglass • Ex-slave who was taught to read and write. • Escaped and asked to lecture for Anti-Slavery Society. • The North Star, his newspaper urged the end to slavery through political action.

21. Frederick Douglass

22. John Q. Adams • Ex-President, Representative of Mass. • Proposed Constitutional Amendment in 1839, that ban slavery in new states. • Tried to repeal gag rule in congress. • Amistad case.

23. The Underground Railroad • Network of abolitionists to help slaves escape to freedom. • 50,000 escaped to Northern States or Canada (some to Mexico). • Harriet Tubman “Black Moses” (1820-1913) • Helped over 300 slaves on 19 trips escape slavery. -$40, 000 reward for her capture.

26. John Brown • Tried to bring a violent end to slavery. • Involved in anti-slavery massacre in Kansas. • 1859, lead an attack on federal arsenal at Harper’s Ferry, Va. -Wanted to arm and lead slave rebellion. -Failed and hanged for treason.

27. Opposing Abolition • North • Textile (Clothing) Mills and merchants relied on southern cotton. • Workers feared losing jobs to freed slaves. • Violence towards abolitionists. • South • Banned anti-slavery writings. • States offered reward for the capture of abolitionists. • Passed gag rule in Congress.

28. Study Guide • Copy and Complete the study guide on pg. 131. • Use your notes and textbook pg. 296-300 to complete it.

29. Study Guide • Northwest Ordinance of 1787 • Second Great Awakening (pg.289) • Charles Finney • Theodore Weld (pg.297) • Abolitionists • William Lloyd Garrison • The Liberator • New England Anti-Slavery Society • Harriet Beecher Stowe • Uncle Tom’s Cabin • David Walker • Fredrick Douglass • The North Star • John Q. Adams • The Underground Railroad • Harriet Tubman • John Brown (pg.371) • Harper’s Ferry • Gag Rule